大家都知道在Android中通过AIDL可以跨进程调用Service中的数据，网上也有很多实例，但是大部分实例都是关于基本数据类型的远程调用，很少讲到复杂数据的调用，今天我用一个例子来演示一下怎样用AIDL Service 传递复杂数据。
我们分2步开始：
第一步：部署我们的服务端，也就是Service端：
1：在Service端我先自定义2个类型：Person和Pet。因为我们需要跨进程传递Person对象和Pet对象，所以Person类和Pet类都必须实现Parcelable接口，并要求在实现类中定义一个名为CREATER，类型为Parcelable.creator的静态Field。
代码如下：
package com.example.remoteservice; import android.os.Parcel; import android.os.Parcelable; public class Person implements Parcelable { int id; String name; String pass; public Person() { } public Person(int id, String name, String pass) { this.id = id; this.name = name; this.pass = pass; } @Override public boolean equals(Object o) { if (this == o) { return true; } if (o == null) { return false; } if (getClass() != o.getClass()) { return false; } Person other = (Person) o; if (name == null) { if (other.name != null) { return false; } } else if (!name.equals(other.name)) { return false; } if (pass == null) { if (other.pass != null) { return false; } } else if (!pass.equals(other.pass)) { return false; } return true; } @Override public int hashCode() { final int prime = 31; int result = 1; result = prime * result + (name == null ? 0 : name.hashCode()); result = prime * result + (pass == null ? 0 : pass.hashCode()); return result; } @Override public int describeContents() { return 0; } @Override public void writeToParcel(Parcel arg0, int arg1) { arg0.writeInt(id); arg0.writeString(name); arg0.writeString(pass); } public static final Parcelable.Creator<Person> CREATOR = new Creator<Person>() { @Override public Person createFromParcel(Parcel source) { return new Person(source.readInt(), source.readString(), source.readString()); } @Override public Person[] newArray(int size) { return new Person[size]; } }; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getPass() { return pass; } public void setPass(String pass) { this.pass = pass; } }
因为我们会对Person进行比较，所以在Person类中我重写了
public int hashCode() 和 public boolean equals(Object o)方法
package com.example.remoteservice; import android.os.Parcel; import android.os.Parcelable; public class Pet implements Parcelable { String name; float weight; public Pet(String name, float weight) { this.name = name; this.weight = weight; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public float getWeight() { return weight; } public void setWeight(float weight) { this.weight = weight; } @Override public int describeContents() { return 1; } @Override public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) { dest.writeString(name); dest.writeFloat(weight); } public static final Parcelable.Creator<Pet> CREATOR = new Creator<Pet>() { @Override public Pet createFromParcel(Parcel source) { return new Pet(source.readString(), source.readFloat()); } @Override public Pet[] newArray(int size) { return new Pet[size]; } }; @Override public String toString() { return "name:" + this.name + ";weight:" + this.weight; } }
2：创建完自定义类型之后还需要用AIDL来定义它们，Person.aidl和Pet.aidl的代码如下：
Person.aidl
package com.example.remoteservice; parcelable Person;
Pet.aidl
package com.example.remoteservice; parcelable Person;
3：完成1,2之后就可以使用AIDL定义通信接口了，在这里我定义一个IPet.aidl的接口，代码如下：
package com.example.remoteservice; //必须导入包 import com.example.remoteservice.Person; //指定自定义类的位置 import com.example.remoteservice.Pet; interface IPet { List<Pet> getPets(in Person owner);//这里的in表示Person对象是输入的参数 }
4：服务端的最后一步就是实现Service了，当然不要忘了注册Service，代码如下：
package com.example.remoteservice; import com.example.remoteservice.IPet.Stub; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import android.app.Service; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.IBinder; import android.os.RemoteException; import android.util.Log; public class RemoteService extends Service { private PetBinder petBinder; private static Map<Person, List<Pet>> pets = new HashMap<Person, List<Pet>>(); static { ArrayList<Pet> list1 = new ArrayList<Pet>(); list1.add(new Pet("candy", 2.2f)); list1.add(new Pet("sandy", 4.2f)); pets.put(new Person(1, "sun", "sun"), list1); ArrayList<Pet> list2 = new ArrayList<Pet>(); list2.add(new Pet("moon", 5.2f)); list2.add(new Pet("hony", 6.2f)); pets.put(new Person(1, "csx", "csx"), list2); } public class PetBinder extends Stub {// 继承IPet接口中的Stub类，Stub类继承了Binder类,所有PetBinder也间接的继承了Binder类 @Override public List<Pet> getPets(Person owner) throws RemoteException { return pets.get(owner); } } @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { Log.i("csx", "onBind"); return petBinder; } @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); Log.i("csx", "onCreate"); petBinder = new PetBinder();// 实例化Binder } @Override public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) { Log.i("csx", "onUnbind"); return super.onUnbind(intent); } @Override public void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); Log.i("csx", "onDestroy"); } }
这是我Service端的部署情况（其中MainActivity可以不用去实现，因为我们只提供服务，没有窗口显示）：
第二步：部署客户端：
1.在客户端新建一个包，命名需要和服务端放置aidl文件的包名相同（我这里是com.example.remoteservice），然后把服务端的Person.java,Pet.java,Person.aidl,Pet.aidl,IPet.aidl复制到这个包下面
2.在activity中绑定远程服务进行数据交换，layout布局和activity代码如下：
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context="com.example.remoteclient.RemoteClient" > <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="horizontal" > <EditText android:id="@+id/editText_person" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="bottom" android:ems="10" > </EditText> <Button android:id="@+id/button_ok" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="bottom" android:text="确定" /> </LinearLayout> <ListView android:id="@+id/listView_pet" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > </ListView> </LinearLayout> </RelativeLayout>
package com.example.remoteclient; import android.app.Service; import android.content.ComponentName; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.ServiceConnection; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.IBinder; import android.os.RemoteException; import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.ListView; import com.example.remoteservice.IPet; import com.example.remoteservice.Person; import com.example.remoteservice.Pet; import java.util.List; public class RemoteClient extends ActionBarActivity { public static final String REMOTE_SERVICE_ACTION = "com.example.remoteservice.RemoteService.ACTION"; EditText editText; Button button; ListView listView; IPet petService;// 声明IPet接口 List<Pet> pets; ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() { @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) { Log.i("csx", "onServiceDisconnected"); conn = null; } @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) { Log.i("csx", "onServiceConnected"); petService = IPet.Stub.asInterface(service);// 通过远程服务的Binder实现接口 } }; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.remote_client_layout); editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText_person); button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_ok); listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView_pet); Intent service = new Intent(); service.setAction(REMOTE_SERVICE_ACTION); bindService(service, conn, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);// 绑定远程服务 button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { String personName = editText.getText().toString(); if (personName == null || personName.equals("")) { return; } try { pets = petService.getPets(new Person(1, personName, personName));// 调用远程service的getPets方法 updataListView(); } catch (RemoteException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NullPointerException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); } public void updataListView() { listView.setAdapter(null); if (pets == null || pets.isEmpty()) { return; } ArrayAdapter<Pet> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<Pet>(RemoteClient.this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, pets); listView.setAdapter(adapter); } @Override protected void onDestroy() { unbindService(conn);// 解除绑定 super.onDestroy(); } }
到此为止所有的工作都完成了，下面我们看一下效果：我在编辑框中输入“csx”，点击确定，就会显示出服务端RemoteService中pets的相应数据。
