1.轮廓发现
- 基于联通组件
- 反映图像拓扑结构
void outline_demo() { QString appPath = QCoreApplication::applicationDirPath(); QString imagePath = appPath + "/morph3.png"; Mat img = cv::imread(imagePath.toStdString()); if (img.empty()) { return; } namedWindow("input", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); imshow("input", img); //高斯模糊：降噪 GaussianBlur(img, img, Size(3, 3), 0); //To gray image Mat gray, binary; cvtColor(img, gray, COLOR_BGR2GRAY); imshow("gray", gray); //OTSU double m_otsu = threshold(gray, binary, 0, 255, THRESH_BINARY | THRESH_OTSU); imshow("BINARY", binary); vector<vector<Point>> contours; vector<Vec4i> hierachy; findContours(binary, contours, hierachy, RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point()); drawContours(img, contours, -1, Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2, 8); imshow("outline", img); waitKey(); destroyAllWindows(); }
2.轮廓分析
void outline_analysis_demo() { QString appPath = QCoreApplication::applicationDirPath(); QString imagePath = appPath + "/zhifang_ball.png"; Mat img = cv::imread(imagePath.toStdString()); if (img.empty()) { return; } namedWindow("input", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); imshow("input", img); //高斯模糊：降噪 GaussianBlur(img, img, Size(3, 3), 0); //To gray image Mat gray, binary; cvtColor(img, gray, COLOR_BGR2GRAY); imshow("gray", gray); //OTSU double m_otsu = threshold(gray, binary, 0, 255, THRESH_BINARY_INV | THRESH_OTSU); imshow("BINARY", binary); vector<vector<Point>> contours; vector<Vec4i> hierachy; findContours(binary, contours, hierachy, RETR_EXTERNAL, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point()); for (size_t t = 0; t < contours.size(); t++) { double area = contourArea(contours[t]); double size = arcLength(contours[t],true); qDebug() << "area:" << area << " " << "size:" << size; if (area < 100 || size < 10) continue; //最大矩形 Rect box = boundingRect(contours[t]); rectangle(img,box,Scalar(0,0,255),2,8,0); //最小矩形 RotatedRect rrt = minAreaRect(contours[t]); ellipse(img, rrt, Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2, 8); Point2f pts[4]; rrt.points(pts); for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { line(img, pts[i], pts[(i + 1) % 4], Scalar(0, 255, 0), 2, 8); } //绘制轮廓 drawContours(img, contours, t, Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2, 8); } imshow("outline", img); waitKey(); destroyAllWindows(); }
3.轮廓匹配
void outline_match_demo() { QString appPath = QCoreApplication::applicationDirPath(); Mat img1 = cv::imread(appPath.toStdString() + "/abc.png"); Mat img2 = cv::imread(appPath.toStdString() + "/a5.png"); if (img1.empty() || img2.empty()) { return; } imshow("input1", img1); imshow("input2", img2); vector<vector<Point>> contours1,contours2; contour_info(img1, contours1); contour_info(img2, contours2); Moments mm2 = moments(contours2[0]); Mat hu2; HuMoments(mm2, hu2); for (size_t t = 0; t < contours1.size(); t++) { Moments mm = moments(contours1[t]); double cx = mm.m10 / mm.m00; double cy = mm.m01 / mm.m00; circle(img1,Point(cx, cy), 3, Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2,8, 0); Mat hu; HuMoments(mm, hu); double dist = matchShapes(hu, hu2, CONTOURS_MATCH_I1,0); if (dist < 1.0) { drawContours(img1, contours1, t, Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2, 8); } } imshow("match contrours demo", img1); waitKey(); destroyAllWindows(); } void contour_info(Mat &image, vector<vector<Point>> &contours) { //高斯模糊：降噪 GaussianBlur(image, image, Size(3, 3), 0); //To gray image Mat gray, binary; cvtColor(image, gray, COLOR_BGR2GRAY); //OTSU double m_otsu = threshold(gray, binary, 0, 255, THRESH_BINARY | THRESH_OTSU); vector<Vec4i> hierachy; findContours(binary, contours, hierachy, RETR_EXTERNAL, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point()); }
4.多边形逼近
void outline_fit_clicked() { QString appPath = QCoreApplication::applicationDirPath(); QString imagePath = appPath + "/contours.png"; Mat img = cv::imread(imagePath.toStdString()); if (img.empty()) { return; } namedWindow("input", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); imshow("input", img); //高斯模糊：降噪 GaussianBlur(img, img, Size(3, 3), 0); //To gray image Mat gray, binary; cvtColor(img, gray, COLOR_BGR2GRAY); imshow("gray", gray); //OTSU double m_otsu = threshold(gray, binary, 0, 255, THRESH_BINARY | THRESH_OTSU); imshow("BINARY", binary); vector<vector<Point>> contours; vector<Vec4i> hierachy; findContours(binary, contours, hierachy, RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point()); //多边形逼近 for (size_t t = 0; t < contours.size(); t++) { Moments mm = moments(contours[t]); double cx = mm.m10 / mm.m00; double cy = mm.m01 / mm.m00; circle(img, Point(cx, cy), 3, Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2, 8, 0); double area = contourArea(contours[t]); double clen = arcLength(contours[t], true); Mat result; approxPolyDP(contours[t], result, 4, true); qDebug() << result.rows << " " << result.cols; if (result.rows == 6) { putText(img, "poly", Point(cx,cy-10), FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 1.0, Scalar(0, 0, 255), 1,8); } if (result.rows == 4) { putText(img, "rectangle", Point(cx, cy - 10), FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 1.0, Scalar(0, 0, 255), 1, 8); } if (result.rows == 3) { putText(img, "trriangle", Point(cx, cy - 10), FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 1.0, Scalar(0, 0, 255), 1, 8); } if (result.rows >10) { putText(img, "circle", Point(cx, cy - 10), FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 1.0, Scalar(0, 0, 255), 1, 8); } } imshow("多边形逼近", img); waitKey(); destroyAllWindows(); }
5.拟合圆和椭圆
void actual::fit_circle_demo(Mat &image) { //To gray image Mat gray, binary; cvtColor(image, gray, COLOR_BGR2GRAY); //OTSU double m_otsu = threshold(gray, binary, 0, 255, THRESH_BINARY | THRESH_OTSU); vector<vector<Point>> contours; vector<Vec4i> hierachy; findContours(binary, contours, hierachy, RETR_EXTERNAL, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point()); //多边形逼近 for (size_t t = 0; t < contours.size(); t++) { RotatedRect rrt = fitEllipse(contours[t]); float w = rrt.size.width; float h = rrt.size.height; Point center = rrt.center; circle(image, center, 3, Scalar(255.0, 0), 2, 8, 0); ellipse(image, rrt, Scalar(0, 255, 0), 2, 8); } imshow("拟合圆和椭圆", image); }
