通过阿里云 Milvus 和 LangChain 快速构建 LLM 问答系统

from langchain_community.document_loaders import WebBaseLoader
from langchain.text_splitter import RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores.milvus import Milvus
from langchain.schema.runnable import RunnablePassthrough
from langchain.prompts import PromptTemplate
from langchain_community.embeddings import DashScopeEmbeddings
from langchain_community.llms.pai_eas_endpoint import PaiEasEndpoint

# 设置Milvus Collection名称。
COLLECTION_NAME = 'doc_qa_db'

# 设置向量维度。
DIMENSION = 768

loader = WebBaseLoader([
    'https://milvus.io/docs/overview.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/release_notes.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/architecture_overview.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/four_layers.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/main_components.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/data_processing.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/bitset.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/boolean.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/consistency.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/coordinator_ha.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/replica.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/knowhere.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/schema.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/dynamic_schema.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/json_data_type.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/metric.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/partition_key.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/multi_tenancy.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/timestamp.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/users_and_roles.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/index.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/disk_index.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/scalar_index.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/performance_faq.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/product_faq.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/operational_faq.md',
    'https://milvus.io/docs/troubleshooting.md',
])

docs = loader.load()

text_splitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1024, chunk_overlap=0)

# 使用LangChain将输入文档安照chunk_size切分
all_splits = text_splitter.split_documents(docs)

# 设置embedding模型为DashScope（可以替换成自己模型）。

embeddings = DashScopeEmbeddings(
    model="text-xxxx", dashscope_api_key="your_api_key"
)

# 创建connection，host为阿里云Milvus的访问域名。

connection_args = {"host": "c-xxxx.milvus.aliyuncs.com", "port": "19530", "user": "your_user", "password": "your_password"}
# 创建Collection
vector_store = Milvus(
    embedding_function=embeddings,
    connection_args=connection_args,
    collection_name=COLLECTION_NAME,
    drop_old=True,
).from_documents(
    all_splits,
    embedding=embeddings,
    collection_name=COLLECTION_NAME,
    connection_args=connection_args,
)

# 利用Milvus向量数据库进行相似性检索。

query = "What are the main components of Milvus?"
docs = vector_store.similarity_search(query)
print(len(docs))

# 声明LLM 模型为PAI EAS（可以替换成自己模型）。

llm = PaiEasEndpoint(
    eas_service_url="your_pai_eas_url",
    eas_service_token="your_token",
)

# 将上述相似性检索的结果作为retriever，提出问题输入到LLM之后，获取检索增强之后的回答。

retriever = vector_store.as_retriever()

template = """Use the following pieces of context to answer the question at the end.
If you don't know the answer, just say that you don't know, don't try to make up an answer.
Use three sentences maximum and keep the answer as concise as possible.
Always say "thanks for asking!" at the end of the answer.
{context}
Question: {question}
Helpful Answer:"""
rag_prompt = PromptTemplate.from_template(template)

rag_chain = (
    {"context": retriever, "question": RunnablePassthrough()}
    | rag_prompt
    | llm
)

print(rag_chain.invoke("Explain IVF_FLAT in Milvus."))