Spring Boot整合Dubbo+Zookeeper实现RPC调用
技术栈说明
Dubbo:Dubbo作为RPC框架,能在多个服务之间实现远程服务的调用。比如有两个独立的微服务A和B,A服务想要调用B服务时,因为两者不在同个内存空间中,不能直接调用,所以可以通过Dubbo实现这点。
功能和Spring Cloud的Feign相同,两者都是应用于微服务架构的远程调用框架
Zookeeper:作为注册中心去管理Dubbo服务,这点和Eureka、Nacos相同。
概述
通过一个示例说明Dubbo+Zookeeper在Spring Boot中的应用。
现有两个服务provider和consumer,即生产者和消费者:
实现步骤
- 搭建Zookeeper集群服务作为注册中心(docker-compose)
- Spring Boot项目,添加依赖,并创建三个Module: api:提供Service接口,但不实现 provider:实现api的Service接口 consumer:调用api的Service接口,并对外提供访问接口
期望结果
调用consumer服务的访问接口,能访问到数据,则说明provider实现的服务成功注册到zookeeper注册中心,并被consumer获取到。
实现
Zookeeper集群搭建(docker-compose)
zookeeper.yml:
yml复制代码version: "3" services: zk1: image: zookeeper network_mode: mynetwork container_name: zk1 restart: always hostname: zk1 # 端口映射,三个容器的对外端口是不同的 ports: - 2181:2181 - 8081:8080 # 路径映射,路径也要注意不同 volumes: - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime - /home/mycontainers/zk1/data:/data - /home/mycontainers/zk1/datalog:/datalog environment: # 当前zk实例的id - ZOO_MY_ID=1 # 整个zk集群的机器、端口列表 - ZOO_SERVERS=server.1=0.0.0.0:2888:3888;2181 server.2=zk2:2888:3888;2181 server.3=zk3:2888:3888;2181 zk2: image: zookeeper network_mode: mynetwork container_name: zk2 restart: always hostname: zk2 # 端口映射,三个容器的对外端口是不同的 ports: - 2182:2181 - 8082:8080 # 路径映射,路径也要注意不同 volumes: - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime - /home/mycontainers/zk2/data:/data - /home/mycontainers/zk2/datalog:/datalog environment: # 当前zk实例的id - ZOO_MY_ID=2 # 整个zk集群的机器、端口列表 - ZOO_SERVERS=server.1=zk1:2888:3888;2181 server.2=0.0.0.0:2888:3888;2181 server.3=zk3:2888:3888;2181 zk3: image: zookeeper network_mode: mynetwork container_name: zk3 restart: always hostname: zk3 # 端口映射,三个容器的对外端口是不同的 ports: - 2183:2181 - 8083:8080 # 路径映射,路径也要注意不同 volumes: - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime - /home/mycontainers/zk3/data:/data - /home/mycontainers/zk3/datalog:/datalog environment: # 当前zk实例的id - ZOO_MY_ID=3 # 整个zk集群的机器、端口列表 - ZOO_SERVERS=server.1=zk1:2888:3888;2181 server.2=zk2:2888:3888;2181 server.3=0.0.0.0:2888:3888;2181
启动服务:
shell复制代码docker-compose -f zookeeper.yml up
访问Zookeeper:
http://mylocalhost:8081/commands
有Json结果输出表示Zookeeper服务启动成功。
Spring Boot添加Dubbo依赖
xml复制代码<dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId> <version>2.3.4.RELEASE</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo-registry-zookeeper</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <!--使用阿里云的Maven源--> <repositories> <repository> <id>aliyunmaven</id> <name>aliyun</name> <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public</url> </repository> </repositories>
dubbo-api代码
仅提供接口,不提供实现,让provider去实现代码,来验证provider和consumer之间的脱藕。
bash复制代码/service TimeService
java复制代码package com.cc.service; import java.time.LocalDateTime; public interface TimeService { LocalDateTime getTime(); }
dubbo-provider代码
provider和consumer的pom.xml是一致的:
xml复制代码<dependencies> <!--springboot启动器--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo-registry-zookeeper</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.com.cc</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
application.yml
yml复制代码server: port: 8081 dubbo: application: name: provider-app registry: address: zookeeper://mylocalhost:2181
provider去实现类的接口,TimeServiceImpl.java:
java复制代码package com.cc.service.impl; import com.cc.service.TimeService; import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService; import java.time.LocalDateTime; // 使用这个注解,可以将该接口实现注册到注册中心 @DubboService public class TimeServiceImpl implements TimeService { @Override public LocalDateTime getTime() { return LocalDateTime.now(); } }
启动类需要添加@EnableDubbo注解:
java复制代码@EnableDubbo @SpringBootApplication public class ProviderApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ProviderApplication.class, args); } }
dubbo-consumer代码
application.yml:
yml复制代码server: port: 8082 dubbo: application: name: consumer-app registry: address: zookeeper://mylocalhost:2181
对外提供访问接口:
java复制代码@RestController public class ConsumerController { @DubboReference private TimeService timeService; @GetMapping("/") public String getTime() { return timeService.getTime().format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_DATE_TIME); } }
记得添加@Dubbo注解:
java复制代码@EnableDubbo @SpringBootApplication public class ConsumerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args); } }
验证
现在去访问:http://localhost:8082/
有结果则表示验证通过。
作者:失败的面