需求
1、学生信息的添加；
2、计算每个学生的总分；
3、输出所有学生的信息；
4、按照总分排序输出学生信息；
5、按照姓名查询学生情况；
6、按照学号删除某个学生，并输出删除后的所有学生信息；
7、将所有学生的信息存储在文本文件“student.txt”中。
8、从文件中读出信息。（打开文件）
9、退出程序。
源码
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> // 定义结构体表示学生信息 typedef struct student { long studentID; char name[20]; char sex[2]; float chinese; // 语文 float maths; // 数学 float chemistry; // 化学 float physics; // 物理 float English; // 英语 float sumScore; // 总分 } STUDENT; void addStudent(STUDENT students[], int* count); // 添加学生信息 void calculateSum(STUDENT students[], int count); // 计算每个学生的总分 void displayStudent(STUDENT students[], int count); // 显示学生信息 void writeStudent(STUDENT students[], int count); // 将学生信息写到student.txt中 void readStudent(STUDENT students[], int* count); // 从student.txt中读出学生信息 void sortStudentsByTotalScore(STUDENT students[], int count); // 按总分排序学生信息 void findStudentByName(STUDENT students[], int count, const char* name); // 按姓名查找学生信息 void deleteStudentByID(STUDENT students[], int* count, long studentID); // 按学号删除学生信息 int main() { STUDENT students[100]; int count = 0; while (1) { printf("\n\t\t\t\t请选择操作：\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t1. 打开文件\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t2. 添加学生信息\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t3. 计算学生总分\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t4. 显示学生信息\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t5. 查找学生\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t6. 删除学生\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t7. 按总分降序输出\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t8. 保存文件\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t9. 退出\n"); int choice; scanf("%d", &choice); switch (choice) { case 1: readStudent(students, &count); break; case 2: addStudent(students, &count); break; case 3: calculateSum(students, count); break; case 4: displayStudent(students, count); break; case 5: { char name[20]; printf("请输入要查找的学生姓名："); scanf("%s", name); findStudentByName(students, count, name); } break; case 6: { long studentID; printf("请输入要删除的学生学号："); scanf("%ld", &studentID); deleteStudentByID(students, &count, studentID); displayStudent(students, count); } break; case 7: sortStudentsByTotalScore(students, count); displayStudent(students, count); break; case 8: writeStudent(students, count); break; case 9: exit(0); default: printf("无效的选择，请重新选择！\n"); break; } } return 0; } void addStudent(STUDENT students[], int* count) { STUDENT student; printf("请输入学生学号："); scanf("%ld", &student.studentID); printf("请输入学生姓名："); scanf("%s", student.name); printf("请输入学生性别："); scanf("%s", student.sex); printf("请输入学生语文成绩："); scanf("%f", &student.chinese); printf("请输入学生数学成绩："); scanf("%f", &student.maths); printf("请输入学生化学成绩："); scanf("%f", &student.chemistry); printf("请输入学生物理成绩："); scanf("%f", &student.physics); printf("请输入学生英语成绩："); scanf("%f", &student.English); students[*count] = student; // 将增加的学生信息添加到数组中 (*count)++; // 学生数增加一个 } // 显示学生信息 void displayStudent(STUDENT students[], int count) { printf("\t\t学号\t姓名\t性别\t语文\t数学\t化学\t物理\t英语\t总分\n"); for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { printf("\t\t%ld\t%s\t%s\t%.2f\t%.2f\t%.2f\t%.2f\t%.2f\t%.2f\t\n", students[i].studentID, students[i].name, students[i].sex, students[i].chinese, students[i].maths, students[i].chemistry, students[i].physics, students[i].English, students[i].sumScore); } } // 计算每个学生的总分 void calculateSum(STUDENT students[], int count) { for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { students[i].sumScore = students[i].chinese + students[i].maths + students[i].chemistry + students[i].physics + students[i].English; } } void writeStudent(STUDENT students[], int count) // 将学生信息写到student.txt中 { FILE* fp = fopen("student.txt", "w"); int i; if (fp == NULL) { printf("打开文件失败！\n"); return; } fwrite(students, sizeof(STUDENT), count, fp); fclose(fp); // 如果没有这个语句，保存不了 } void readStudent(STUDENT students[], int* count) { FILE* fp = fopen("student.txt", "r"); STUDENT student; if (fp == NULL) { printf("打开文件失败！\n"); // exit(0); return; } while (!feof(fp)) { fread(&students[*count], sizeof(STUDENT), 1, fp); /* 按数据块读文件 */ (*count)++; } (*count)--; // printf("个数为：%d\n",*count); fclose(fp); } // 按照总分排序输出学生信息 void sortStudentsByTotalScore(STUDENT students[], int count) { for (int i = 0; i < count - 1; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < count - 1 - i; j++) { if (students[j].sumScore < students[j + 1].sumScore) { STUDENT temp = students[j]; students[j] = students[j + 1]; students[j + 1] = temp; } } } } void findStudentByName(STUDENT students[], int count, const char* name) { int found = 0; printf("\t\t学号\t姓名\t性别\t语文\t数学\t化学\t物理\t英语\t总分\n"); for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { if (strcmp(students[i].name, name) == 0) { printf("\t\t%ld\t%s\t%s\t%.2f\t%.2f\t%.2f\t%.2f\t%.2f\t%.2f\t\n", students[i].studentID, students[i].name, students[i].sex, students[i].chinese, students[i].maths, students[i].chemistry, students[i].physics, students[i].English, students[i].sumScore); found = 1; } } if (!found) { printf("未找到姓名为 %s 的学生。\n", name); } } // 按照学号删除某个学生，并输出删除后的所有学生信息 void deleteStudentByID(STUDENT students[], int* count, long studentID) { int index = -1; for (int i = 0; i < *count; i++) { if (students[i].studentID == studentID) { index = i; break; } } if (index != -1) { for (int i = index; i < *count - 1; i++) { students[i] = students[i + 1]; } (*count)--; printf("学号为 %ld 的学生已删除。\n", studentID); } else { printf("未找到学号为 %ld 的学生。\n", studentID); } }
