安装selenium

pip install selenium

下载浏览器驱动

驱动下载完成后放入python根目录,selenium会自动解析

火狐浏览器驱动

谷歌浏览器驱动

ie/edge浏览器驱动

API 大全来喽

• 八大元素定位

  • id

    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
    
    driver = webdriver.Edge()
    driver.get("https://steam-404.github.io/")
    driver.find_element(By.ID, "id")
    

  • name

    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
    
    driver = webdriver.Edge()
    driver.get("https://steam-404.github.io/")
    driver.find_element(By.NAME, "name")
    

  • class_name

    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
    
    driver = webdriver.Edge()
    driver.get("https://steam-404.github.io/")
    driver.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "class_name")
    

  • link_text

    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
    
    driver = webdriver.Edge()
    driver.get("https://steam-404.github.io/")
    driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "link_text")
    

  • partial_link_text

    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
    
    driver = webdriver.Edge()
    driver.get("https://steam-404.github.io/")
    driver.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, "partial_link_text")
    

  • tag_name

    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
    
    driver = webdriver.Edge()
    driver.get("https://steam-404.github.io/")
    driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "tag_name")
    

  • xpath

    • xpath相对定位

      from selenium import webdriver
      from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
      
      driver = webdriver.Edge()
      driver.get("https://steam-404.github.io/")
      driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//botton")
      

    • xpath绝对定位

      from selenium import webdriver
      from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
      
      driver = webdriver.Edge()
      driver.get("https://steam-404.github.io/")
      driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "/html/body/div/button/")
      

  • css

    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
    
    driver = webdriver.Edge()
    driver.get("https://steam-404.github.io/")
    driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".ikun")
    

• 浏览器常用api

  ```python
  from selenium import webdriver
  from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

  driver = webdriver.Edge()

  选择Edge驱动

  driver.get("https://steam-404.github.io")

  打开指定页面

  driver.maximize_window()

  浏览器窗口最大化

  driver.minimize_window()

  浏览器窗口最小化

  driver.set_window_size(1920, 1080)

  设置浏览器窗口大小

  title = driver.title

  获取网页标题

  url = driver.current_url

  获取当前URL

  driver.back()

  页面后退

  driver.forward()

  页面前进

  driver.refresh()

  页面刷新

  driver.implicitly_wait(0.5)

  隐式等待

  message = driver.find_element(By.ID, "id").text

  获取元素文本

  alert = driver.switch_to.alert

  捕获弹窗

  print(alert.text)

  获取弹窗文本

  alert.accept()

  点击确定按钮

  alert.dismiss()

  点击取消按钮

  alert.send_keys("xxx")

  向弹窗内写入内容

  driver.quit()

  结束会话,关闭浏览器

• 鼠标键盘事件

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains

driver = webdriver.Edge()
driver.get("https://steam-404.github.io/")
ikun = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'id')
# 随便找一个实体元素
ActionChains.click(ikun)
# 鼠标点击
ActionChains.perform(ikun)
# 提交表单
ActionChains.context_click(ikun)
# 鼠标右击
ActionChains.double_click(ikun)
# 鼠标双击
ActionChains.move_to_element(ikun)
# 鼠标悬停

Keys.BACK_SPACE(ikun)
# 回退
Keys.SPACE(ikun)
# 空格
Keys.CONTROL(ikun)
# ctrl
Keys.F1(ikun)
# F1键
Keys.CONTROL('c')
# ctrl和c组合键

更多内容请查看官方文档

Selenium 浏览器自动化 | Selenium