MySQL作业
数据库备份，数据库为school，素材如下
创建student表，SQL代码如下：
CREATE TABLE student ( id INT(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY , name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL , sex VARCHAR(4) , birth YEAR, department VARCHAR(20) , address VARCHAR(50) );
创建score表，SQL代码如下：
CREATE TABLE score ( id INT(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT , stu_id INT(10) NOT NULL , c_name VARCHAR(20) , grade INT(10) );
向student表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区'); INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区'); INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市'); INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市'); INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市'); INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');
向score表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98); INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80); INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65); INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88); INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95); INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70); INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92); INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94); INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90); INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85);
1.备份数据库school到/backup目录
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump mysql -uroot -p123456 -B school > /backup/school.sql
2.备份MySQL数据库为带删除表的格式，能够让该备份覆盖已有数据库而不需要手动删除原有数据库
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --add-drop-table -B school > /backup/notable.sql
3.直接将MySQL数据库压缩备份
[root@localhost backup]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -B | gzip > /backup/school.sql.gz
4.备份MySQL数据库某个(些)表。此例备份student表
[root@localhost backup]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 school student > /backup/student.sql
5.同时备份多个MySQL数据库（其他数据库素材自行准备）
[root@localhost backup]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -B school abc > /backup/dbs.sql
6.仅仅备份数据库结构
[root@localhost backup]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -B school -d > /backup/6.sql
7.备份服务器上所有数据库
[root@localhost backup]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -B school -A > /backup/6.sql
8.还原MySQL数据库
mysql -uroot -p123456 school < /backup/school.sql
9.还原压缩的MySQL数据库
zcat /backup/school.sql.gz | mysql -uroot -p123456 school
10.使用xtrabackup备份数据库
innobackupex -u root -p 123456 --no-timestamp /backup/mysql/full_$(date +%F)
11.在另外的数据库服务器上还原xtrabackup备份
innobackupex -u root -p 123456 --apply-log /backup/mysql/full_2023-03-25/ systemctl stop mysqld rm -rf /usr/local/mysql/* innobackupex --copy-back /backup/mysql/full_2023-03-25/ chmod -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/* systemctl start mysql
12.使用mydumper备份数据库
mydumper -u root -p 123456 -B school -o /backup
13.使用mydumper恢复数据库
myloader -u root -p 123456 -B school -o -d /backup
