什么是任务调度?
任务调度是为了自动完成特定任务,在约定的特定时刻去执行人物的过程
为什么需要分布式调度?
1.使用Spring定时器,在集群的情况下,可能会导致任务重复执行的情况,当我们部署了多台服务,同时每台服务又有定时任务时,若不进行合理的控制在同一时间,只有一个定时任务启动执行了,这时,定时执行的结果就可能存在混乱和错误了,考虑使用分布式锁,保证任务不会重复执行
2.大大提高了可用性,当做了集群之后,某个项目挂了,任务应该要由另外一个项目继续进行
3.单机处理始终有极限,假设该主服务器有ABCD四个任务,可以将任务分配给自己底下的从服务器,将它们调动起来一起来完成任务
Elastic-Job
zookeeper是一个注册中心,在Elastic-job过程中进行一个选举的功能,以及对节点的监听,谁被选举成leader谁才可以执行任务,一旦leader挂了,将会进行重新的选举,依赖zookeeper里面的信息
环境搭建
第一步:Zookeeper安装并运行
1)解压zookeeper-3.4.11.tar.进入conf目录,复制zoo_sample.cfg文件,命名为zoo.cfg
2)进入bin目录,运行zkServer.cmd就可以了
3)解压ZooInspector运行文件
第二步:创建maven项目添加如下依赖
<dependency> <groupId>com.dangdang</groupId> <artifactId>elastic-job-lite-core</artifactId> <version>2.1.5</version> </dependency>
第三步:创建任务类
public class MyElasticJob implements SimpleJob { public void execute(ShardingContext shardingContext){ System.out.println("执行任务"+new Date()); } }
第四步:创建配置类
public class JobDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { //JobScheduler(注册中心对象,任务配置对象) new JobScheduler(createRegistryCenter(),createJobConfiguration()).init(); } //定时任务配置 private static LiteJobConfiguration createJobConfiguration() { //定义作业核心配置newBuilder("任务名称","corn表达式","分片数量") JobCoreConfiguration simpleCoreConfig = JobCoreConfiguration.newBuilder("myElasticJob","0/5 * * * * ?",1).build(); // 定义SIMPLE类型配置 cn.wolfcode.MyElasticJob System.out.println("MyElasticJob.class.getCanonicalName---->"+ MyElasticJob.class.getCanonicalName()); SimpleJobConfiguration simpleJobConfig = new SimpleJobConfiguration(simpleCoreConfig,MyElasticJob.class.getCanonicalName()); //定义Lite作业根配置 LiteJobConfiguration simpleJobRootConfig = LiteJobConfiguration.newBuilder(simpleJobConfig).build(); return simpleJobRootConfig; } //注册中心配置 private static CoordinatorRegistryCenter createRegistryCenter() { ZookeeperConfiguration zookeeperConfiguration = new ZookeeperConfiguration("43.143.161.59:2181", "elastic-job-demo"); //设置节点超时时间 zookeeperConfiguration.setSessionTimeoutMilliseconds(100); //zookeeperConfiguration("zookeeper地址","项目名") CoordinatorRegistryCenter regCenter = new ZookeeperRegistryCenter(zookeeperConfiguration); regCenter.init(); return regCenter; } }
运行结果:
启动多台机器的时候,只有一台机器运行
当leader终止后,再次进行选取执行任务
更改Zookeeper配置
虽然自己想每十秒执行一次,但运行结果
原因是zookeeper里面不允许覆盖里面配置的,要是想覆盖,就要
否则zookeeper还是读取里面的配置
SpringBoot集成ElasticJob
第一步:添加Maven依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>cn.wolfcode</groupId> <artifactId>elstaic-job-boot</artifactId> <version>1.0.0</version> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.dangdang</groupId> <artifactId>elastic-job-lite-spring</artifactId> <version>2.1.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
第二步:创建启动类
@SpringBootApplication public class ElasticJobServer { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ElasticJobServer.class,args); } }
第三步:创建任务类
@Component public class MyElasticJob implements SimpleJob { @Override public void execute(ShardingContext shardingContext) { System.out.println("定时调度:"+new Date()); } }
第四步:创建任务配置类
@Configuration public class JobConfig { @Bean public static CoordinatorRegistryCenter registryCenter(@Value("${zookeeper.url}") String url,@Value("${zookeeper.groupName}") String groupName) { ZookeeperConfiguration zookeeperConfiguration = new ZookeeperConfiguration(url, groupName); //设置节点超时时间 zookeeperConfiguration.setSessionTimeoutMilliseconds(100); //zookeeperConfiguration("zookeeper地址","项目名") CoordinatorRegistryCenter regCenter = new ZookeeperRegistryCenter(zookeeperConfiguration); regCenter.init(); return regCenter; } //功能的方法 public static LiteJobConfiguration createJobConfiguration(Class clazz,String corn,int shardingCount) { //定义作业核心配置newBuilder("任务名称","corn表达式","分片数量") JobCoreConfiguration simpleCoreConfig = JobCoreConfiguration.newBuilder(clazz.getSimpleName(),corn,shardingCount).build(); // 定义SIMPLE类型配置 cn.wolfcode.MyElasticJob System.out.println("MyElasticJob.class.getCanonicalName---->"+ MyElasticJob.class.getCanonicalName()); SimpleJobConfiguration simpleJobConfig = new SimpleJobConfiguration(simpleCoreConfig,clazz.getCanonicalName()); //定义Lite作业根配置 LiteJobConfiguration simpleJobRootConfig = LiteJobConfiguration.newBuilder(simpleJobConfig).build(); return simpleJobRootConfig; } @Bean(initMethod = "init") public SpringJobScheduler testScheduler(MyElasticJob job,CoordinatorRegistryCenter registryCenter){ LiteJobConfiguration jobConfiguration = createJobConfiguration(job.getClass(),"0/5 * * * * ?",1); return new SpringJobScheduler(job,registryCenter,jobConfiguration); } }
第五步:配置文件
zookeeper: url: 43.143.161.59:2181 groupName: elastic-job-boot