一、监听节点
先看看怎么获取子节点,启动zookeeper服务集群。编写并运行如下测试案例。
public class ZKClient { ZooKeeper client; @Before public void init() throws IOException { // 注意逗号后不要加空格,严格按照格式,在下面写自己对应得zookeeper服务集群得ip String connectString="192.168.106.43:2182,192.168.106.44:2182,192.168.106.45:2182"; // String connectString="192.168.106.43,192.168.106.44,192.168.106.45"; int sessionTimeout = 20000; client = new ZooKeeper(connectString, sessionTimeout, new Watcher() { @Override public void process(WatchedEvent watchedEvent) { } }); } @Test public void grtChild() throws InterruptedException, KeeperException { // 参数true表示开启子节点的监听 List<String> children = client.getChildren("/", true); for (String child: children) { System.out.println(child); } } }
上面并不能实时监听节点的变化,即使我们在使用getChildren
是开启了子节点的监听。这是因为两个原因:第一,程序执行完一次监听后就退出了。第二,监听器注册一次只能够监听一次(参考:Zookeeper入门到精通05——Zookeeper客户端命令行操作,小节:监听器原理)。如何才能够实时监听子节点,并且一有变化就输出呢?很简单,把上面的代码稍微修改下即可。
public class ZKClient { ZooKeeper client; @Before public void init() throws IOException { // 注意逗号后不要加空格,严格按照格式,在下面写自己对应得zookeeper服务集群得ip String connectString="192.168.106.43:2182,192.168.106.44:2182,192.168.106.45:2182"; // String connectString="192.168.106.43,192.168.106.44,192.168.106.45"; int sessionTimeout = 20000; client = new ZooKeeper(connectString, sessionTimeout, new Watcher() { @Override public void process(WatchedEvent watchedEvent) { List<String> children = null; try { // 参数true表示开启子节点的监听 children = client.getChildren("/", true); } catch (KeeperException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } for (String child: children) { System.out.println(child); } } }); } } @Test public void grtChild() throws InterruptedException, KeeperException { List<String> children = client.getChildren("/", true); for (String child: children) { System.out.println(child); } // 延时阻塞,防止程序退出 Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE); }
二、判断节点是否存在
public class ZKClient { ZooKeeper client; @Before public void init() throws IOException { // 注意逗号后不要加空格,严格按照格式,在下面写自己对应得zookeeper服务集群得ip String connectString="192.168.106.43:2182,192.168.106.44:2182,192.168.106.45:2182"; // String connectString="192.168.106.43,192.168.106.44,192.168.106.45"; int sessionTimeout = 20000; client = new ZooKeeper(connectString, sessionTimeout, new Watcher() { @Override public void process(WatchedEvent watchedEvent) {} }); } @Test public void exist() throws InterruptedException, KeeperException { Stat exists = client.exists("/sanguo1", false); System.out.println(exists==null?"not exist" : "exist"); } }
三、zookeeper的写数据原理
不管是采用命令行还是api操作zookeeper集群,其实都是对于zookeeper进行写数据操作,那它的底层原理是什么呢?
(1)直接向leader发写请求
如上图。假设zookeeper集群中有三台zookeeper服务器,首先client会给leader写数据,然后leader给其中一个follower写数据,之后follower会回复leaderr。此时,集群已经有半数服务器更新了数据,会由leader向client回复。之后leader继续与其它的follow进行数据同步与回复确认。
(2)向follower发写请求
如上图。client给follower发送写请求后,follower会将请求转发给leader,leader进行写操作,并且选择一台follower完成写操作,follower响应请求并回复。当超过半数的服务器完成写操作后,会由leader回复给最开始响应client的follower,并由它对client进行回复。之后继续完成其它follower的数据同步与应答。