使用web3创建账户
account = w3.eth.account.create()
print(account.address)
使用eth_account创建账户
效果与 web3 一致，安装web3.py会自动安装 eth-account

from eth_account import Account

account = Account.create()
print(account.address)

账户的私钥

print(account.key.hex())
通过private_key导入账户
from eth_account import Account
import json

key = '...'
account = Account.from_key(key)
print(account.address)
获取账户列表
accounts = w3.eth.accounts
获取默认账户
w3.eth.default_account
4、常用方法
获取最新区块
w3.eth.get_block('latest')
获取区块数量
w3.eth.block_number
获取区块交易
w3.eth.get_transaction_by_block(46147, 0)
获取余额
balance = w3.eth.getBalance(account)
发送转账交易
params = {

'from':accounts[0],
'to':accounts[1],
'value':w3.toWei(1, "ether")

}
tx_hash = w3.eth.sendTransaction(params)
获取交易信息
tx = w3.eth.getTransaction(tx_hash)
获取交易收据
如果交易处于pending状态，则返回null。

tx = w3.eth.getTransactionReceipt(tx_hash)
获取Nonce
nonce = w3.eth.getTransactionCount(account)
5、合约调用
合约实例化
filePath = "../contracts/usdt.json"
text = open(filePath, encoding='utf-8').read()
jsonObj = json.loads(text)
usdt_contract_addr = '合约地址'
usdt = w3.eth.contract(address=usdt_contract_addr, abi=jsonObj['abi'])
合约读操作
balance = usdt.functions.balanceOf(accounts[0]).call()
合约写操作
option = {

'from': accounts[0],
'gas': 1000000

}
usdt.functions.approve(usdt_contract_addr, 2000000).transact(option)
带签名的合约写操作
options = {

'gas': 1000000,
'gasPrice': w3.toWei('21', 'gwei'),
'from': account.address,
'nonce': w3.eth.getTransactionCount(account.address)

}
tx = usdt.functions.approve(usdt_contract_addr, 2000000).buildTransaction(options)
signed = account.signTransaction(tx) # 用账户对交易签名
tx_id = w3.eth.sendRawTransaction(signed.rawTransaction) # 交易发送并获取交易id
print(tx_id.hex())