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第二章:SpringBoot进阶,开发社区核心功能
一、过滤敏感词
前缀树
- 名称:Trie、字典树、查找树
- 特点:查找效率高,消耗内存大
- 应用:字符串检索、词频统计、字符串排序等
敏感词过滤器
- 定义前缀树
- 根据敏感词,初始化前缀树
- 编写过滤敏感词的方法
1. 添加敏感词字典
在 resource
包下添加敏感词字典 sensitive-words.txt
,内容如下:
赌博
嫖娼
吸毒
开票
2. 工具类
在 util
包下创建 SentisiveFile
类,即敏感词的过滤算法,代码如下:
@Component
public class SensitiveFilter {
private static final Logger logger= LoggerFactory.getLogger(SensitiveFilter.class);
// 替换符
private static final String REPLACEMENT="***";
// 根节点
private TrieNode rootNode = new TrieNode();
@PostConstruct
public void init() {
try (
InputStream is = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("sensitive-words.txt");
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
) {
String keyword;
while ((keyword = reader.readLine()) != null) {
// 添加到前缀树
this.addKeyword(keyword);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("加载敏感词文件失败:" + e.getMessage());
}
}
// 将一个敏感词添加到前缀树中
private void addKeyword(String keyword) {
TrieNode tempNode = rootNode;
for (int i = 0; i < keyword.length(); i++) {
char c = keyword.charAt(i);
TrieNode subNode = tempNode.getSubNode(c);
if (subNode == null) {
// 初始化子节点
subNode = new TrieNode();
tempNode.addSunNode(c, subNode);
}
// 指向子节点,进入下下一轮循环
tempNode = subNode;
// 设置结束标识
if (i == keyword.length() - 1) {
tempNode.setKeywordEnd(true);
}
}
}
/**
* 过滤敏感词
* @param text 待过滤的文本
* @return 过滤后的文本
*/
public String filter(String text){
if(StringUtils.isBlank(text)){
return null;
}
// 指针1
TrieNode tempNode = rootNode;
// 指针2
int begin = 0;
// 指针3
int position = 0;
// 结果
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
while(begin < text.length()){
if(position < text.length()) {
Character c = text.charAt(position);
// 跳过符号
if (isSymbol(c)) {
if (tempNode == rootNode) {
begin++;
sb.append(c);
}
position++;
continue;
}
// 检查下级节点
tempNode = tempNode.getSubNode(c);
if (tempNode == null) {
// 以begin开头的字符串不是敏感词
sb.append(text.charAt(begin));
// 进入下一个位置
position = ++begin;
// 重新指向根节点
tempNode = rootNode;
}
// 发现敏感词
else if (tempNode.isKeywordEnd()) {
sb.append(REPLACEMENT);
begin = ++position;
}
// 检查下一个字符
else {
position++;
}
}
// position遍历越界仍未匹配到敏感词
else{
sb.append(text.charAt(begin));
position = ++begin;
tempNode = rootNode;
}
}
return sb.toString();
}
// 判断是否为符号
private boolean isSymbol(Character c) {
// 0x2E80~0x9FFF 是东亚文字范围
return !CharUtils.isAsciiAlphanumeric(c) && (c < 0x2E80 || c > 0x9FFF);
}
// 前缀树
private class TrieNode {
// 关键词结束标识
private boolean isKeywordEnd = false;
// 子节点(key是下级字符,value是下级节点)
private Map<Character, TrieNode> sunNodes = new HashMap<>();
public boolean isKeywordEnd() {
return isKeywordEnd;
}
public void setKeywordEnd(boolean keywordEnd) {
isKeywordEnd = keywordEnd;
}
// 添加子节点
public void addSunNode(Character c, TrieNode node) {
sunNodes.put(c, node);
}
// 获取子节点
public TrieNode getSubNode(Character c) {
return sunNodes.get(c);
}
}
}
3. 功能测试
创建 SensitiveTests
测试方法,代码如下:
@SpringBootTest
@ContextConfiguration(classes = CommunityApplication.class)
public class SensitiveTests {
@Autowired
private SensitiveFilter sensitiveFilter;
@Test
public void testSensitiveFilter() {
String text = "这里可以赌博,可以吸毒,可以开票,哈哈哈!";
text = sensitiveFilter.filter(text);
System.out.println(text);
String text1 = "这里可@以@赌@博,可以@吸毒@,可以开票@,哈哈哈!";
text = sensitiveFilter.filter(text1);
System.out.println(text1);
}
}
运行结果:
二、发布帖子
AJAX
Asynchronous JavaScript and XML
- 异步的
JavaScript
与XML
,不是一门新技术,只是一个新的术语。 - 使用
AJAX
,网页能够将增量更新呈现在页面上,而不需要刷新整个页面。 - 虽然X代表
XML
,但目前JSON
的使用比XML
更加普遍。
示例
- 使用
jQuery
发送AJAX
请求。
- 使用
实践
- 采用
AJAX
请求,实现发布帖子的功能。
- 采用
1. 工具类
在 CommunityUtil
类中添加getJSONString
方法及其重载方法,代码如下:
public class CommunityUtil {
// 生成随机字符串
public static String generateUUID() {
return UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "");
}
// MD5加密
public static String md5(String key) {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(key)) {
return null;
}
return DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(key.getBytes());
}
public static String getJSONString(int code, String msg, Map<String, Object> map) {
JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
json.put("code", code);
json.put("msg", msg);
if (map != null) {
for (String key : map.keySet()) {
json.put(key, map.get(key));
}
}
return json.toJSONString();
}
public static String getJSONString(int code, String msg) {
return getJSONString(code, msg, null);
}
public static String getJSONString(int code) {
return getJSONString(code, null, null);
}
// 测试
public static void main(String[] args) {
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("name", "zhangsan");
map.put("age", 25);
System.out.println(getJSONString(0, "ok", map));
}
}
2. dao层
在 DiscussPostMapper
类中添加 insertDiscussPost
方法,代码如下:
@Mapper
public interface DiscussPostMapper {
List<DiscussPost> selectDiscussPosts(int userId, int offset, int limit);
// @Param注解用于给参数取别名
// 如果只有一个参数,并且在<if>里使用,则必须加别名
// 根据userId查询帖子数量
int selectDiscussPostRows(@Param("userId") int userId);
int insertDiscussPost(DiscussPost discussPost);
}
对应 discusspost-mapper.xml
的代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.nowcoder.community.dao.DiscussPostMapper">
<sql id="selectFields">
id, user_id, title, content, type, status, create_time, comment_count, score
</sql>
<sql id = "insertFields">
user_id, title, content, type, status, create_time, comment_count, score
</sql>
<select id="selectDiscussPosts" resultType="DiscussPost">
select
<include refid="selectFields"></include>
from discuss_post
where status != 2
<if test="userId!=0">
and user_id = #{userId}
</if>
order by type desc, create_time desc
limit #{offset}, #{limit}
</select>
<select id="selectDiscussPostRows" resultType="int">
select count(id)
from discuss_post
where status != 2
<if test="userId!=0">
and user_id = #{userId}
</if>
</select>
<insert id="insertDiscussPost" parameterType="DiscussPost">
insert into discuss_post(<include refid="insertFields"></include>)
values(#{userId},#{title},#{content},#{type},#{status},#{createTime},#{commentCount},#{score})
</insert>
</mapper>
3. service层
在 DiscussPostService
类中添加 addDiscussPost
方法,代码如下:
@Service
public class DiscussPostService {
@Autowired
private DiscussPostMapper discussPostMapper;
@Autowired
private SensitiveFilter sensitiveFilter;
public List<DiscussPost> findDiscussPosts(int userId, int offset, int limit) {
return discussPostMapper.selectDiscussPosts(userId, offset, limit);
}
public int findDiscussPostRows(int userId) {
return discussPostMapper.selectDiscussPostRows(userId);
}
public int addDiscussPost(DiscussPost post) {
if (post == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("参数不能为空!");
}
// 转义 HTML 标记
post.setTitle(HtmlUtils.htmlEscape(post.getTitle()));
post.setContent(HtmlUtils.htmlEscape(post.getContent()));
// 过滤敏感词
post.setTitle(sensitiveFilter.filter(post.getTitle()));
post.setContent(sensitiveFilter.filter(post.getContent()));
return discussPostMapper.insertDiscussPost(post);
}
public DiscussPost findDiscussPostById(int id) {
return discussPostMapper.selectDiscussPostById(id);
}
}
4. controller层
在 controller
包下添加 DiscussPostController
类,代码如下:
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/discuss")
public class DiscussPostController {
@Autowired
private DiscussPostService discussPostService;
@Autowired
private HostHolder hostHolder;
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping(path = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String addDiscussPost(String title, String content) {
User user = hostHolder.getUser();
if (user == null) {
return CommunityUtil.getJSONString(403,"你还没有登录哦!");
}
DiscussPost post = new DiscussPost();
post.setUserId(user.getId());
post.setTitle(title);
post.setContent(content);
post.setCreateTime(new Date());
discussPostService.addDiscussPost(post);
// 报错的情况,会统一处理
return CommunityUtil.getJSONString(0, "发布成功!");
}
}
5. View层
在首页显示的 "我要发布" 按钮,如果用户没有登录则 不显示此按钮,代码如下:
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm position-absolute rt-0" data-toggle="modal"
data-target="#publishModal" th:if="${loginUser!=null}">我要发布
</button>
6. 功能测试
三、帖子详情
DiscussPostMapper
DiscussPosService
DiscussPostController
index.html
- 在帖子标题上增加访问详情页面的链接
discuss-detail.html
- 处理静态资源的访问路径
- 复用
index.html
的header
区域 - 显示标题、作者、发布时间、帖子正文等内容
1. dao层
在 DiscussPostMapper
类中添加 selectDiscussPostById
方法,代码如下:
@Mapper
public interface DiscussPostMapper {
List<DiscussPost> selectDiscussPosts(int userId, int offset, int limit);
// @Param注解用于给参数取别名
// 如果只有一个参数,并且在<if>里使用,则必须加别名
// 根据userId查询帖子数量
int selectDiscussPostRows(@Param("userId") int userId);
int insertDiscussPost(DiscussPost discussPost);
DiscussPost selectDiscussPostById(int id);
}
discusspost-mapper.xml
代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.nowcoder.community.dao.DiscussPostMapper">
<sql id="selectFields">
id, user_id, title, content, type, status, create_time, comment_count, score
</sql>
<sql id = "insertFields">
user_id, title, content, type, status, create_time, comment_count, score
</sql>
<select id="selectDiscussPosts" resultType="DiscussPost">
select
<include refid="selectFields"></include>
from discuss_post
where status != 2
<if test="userId!=0">
and user_id = #{userId}
</if>
order by type desc, create_time desc
limit #{offset}, #{limit}
</select>
<select id="selectDiscussPostRows" resultType="int">
select count(id)
from discuss_post
where status != 2
<if test="userId!=0">
and user_id = #{userId}
</if>
</select>
<insert id="insertDiscussPost" parameterType="DiscussPost">
insert into discuss_post(<include refid="insertFields"></include>)
values(#{userId},#{title},#{content},#{type},#{status},#{createTime},#{commentCount},#{score})
</insert>
<select id="selectDiscussPostById" resultType="DiscussPost">
select <include refid="selectFields"></include>
from discuss_post
where id = #{id}
</select>
</mapper>
2. service层
在 DiscussPostService
类中添加 findDiscussPostById
,代码如下:
@Service
public class DiscussPostService {
@Autowired
private DiscussPostMapper discussPostMapper;
@Autowired
private SensitiveFilter sensitiveFilter;
public List<DiscussPost> findDiscussPosts(int userId, int offset, int limit) {
return discussPostMapper.selectDiscussPosts(userId, offset, limit);
}
public int findDiscussPostRows(int userId) {
return discussPostMapper.selectDiscussPostRows(userId);
}
public int addDiscussPost(DiscussPost post) {
if (post == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("参数不能为空!");
}
// 转义 HTML 标记
post.setTitle(HtmlUtils.htmlEscape(post.getTitle()));
post.setContent(HtmlUtils.htmlEscape(post.getContent()));
// 过滤敏感词
post.setTitle(sensitiveFilter.filter(post.getTitle()));
post.setContent(sensitiveFilter.filter(post.getContent()));
return discussPostMapper.insertDiscussPost(post);
}
public DiscussPost findDiscussPostById(int id) {
return discussPostMapper.selectDiscussPostById(id);
}
}
3. controller层
在 DiscussPostController
类中添加 getDiscussPost
方法,代码如下:
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/discuss")
public class DiscussPostController {
@Autowired
private DiscussPostService discussPostService;
@Autowired
private HostHolder hostHolder;
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping(path = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String addDiscussPost(String title, String content) {
User user = hostHolder.getUser();
if (user == null) {
return CommunityUtil.getJSONString(403,"你还没有登录哦!");
}
DiscussPost post = new DiscussPost();
post.setUserId(user.getId());
post.setTitle(title);
post.setContent(content);
post.setCreateTime(new Date());
discussPostService.addDiscussPost(post);
// 报错的情况,会统一处理
return CommunityUtil.getJSONString(0, "发布成功!");
}
@RequestMapping(path = "/detail/{discussPostId}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String getDiscussPost(@PathVariable("discussPostId") int discussPostId, Model model) {
// 帖子
DiscussPost post = discussPostService.findDiscussPostById(discussPostId);
model.addAttribute("post", post);
// 作者
User user = userService.findUserById(post.getUserId());
model.addAttribute("user", user);
return "/site/discuss-detail";
}
}
4. View层
在 index.html
的帖子标题上增加访问详情页面的链接:
<a th:href="@{|/discuss/detail/${map.post.id}|}" th:utext="${map.post.title}">备战春招,面试刷题跟他复习,一个月全搞定!</a>
discuss-detail.html
:
<!-- 内容 -->
<div class="main">
<!-- 帖子详情 -->
<div class="container">
<!-- 标题 -->
<h6 class="mb-4">
<img src="http://static.nowcoder.com/images/img/icons/ico-discuss.png"/>
<span th:utext="${post.title}">备战春招,面试刷题跟他复习,一个月全搞定!</span>
<div class="float-right">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger btn-sm">置顶</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger btn-sm">加精</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger btn-sm">删除</button>
</div>
</h6>
<!-- 作者 -->
<div class="media pb-3 border-bottom">
<a href="profile.html">
<img th:src="${user.headerUrl}" class="align-self-start mr-4 rounded-circle user-header" alt="用户头像" >
</a>
<div class="media-body">
<div class="mt-0 text-warning" th:utext="${user.username}">寒江雪</div>
<div class="text-muted mt-3">
发布于 <b th:text="${#dates.format(post.createTime,'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')}">2019-04-15 15:32:18</b>
<ul class="d-inline float-right">
<li class="d-inline ml-2"><a href="#" class="text-primary">赞 11</a></li>
<li class="d-inline ml-2">|</li>
<li class="d-inline ml-2"><a href="#replyform" class="text-primary">回帖 7</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 正文 -->
<div class="mt-4 mb-3 content" th:utext="${post.content}">
5. 功能测试
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