前言
在 Android 中，TTS全称叫做 Text to Speech，从字面就能理解它解决的问题是什么，把文本转为语音服务，意思就是你输入一段文本信息，然后Android 系统可以把这段文字播报出来。这种应用场景目前比较多是在各种语音助手APP上，很多手机系统集成商内部都有内置文本转语音服务，可以读当前页面上的文本信息。同样，在一些阅读类APP上我们也能看到相关服务，打开微信读书，里面就直接可以把当前页面直接用语音方式播放出来，特别适合哪种不方便拿着手机屏幕阅读的场景。
Android系统从1.6版本开始就支持TTS, 不过遗憾的是系统默认的TTS引擎:Pico TTS，并不支持中文。
在查找了许相关资料后, 发现很多的资源都已经失效, APK找不到, 对应的页面404. 更多的厂商则转成了开放平台甚至不再提供离线/免费服务.
目前找到的离线TTS
注:下面的链接可能需要科学上网才可以访问
使用
首先, 安装对应的TTS应用, 再在设置中设置对应的语音输出服务
一般设置的步骤为: 设置>无障碍>文字转语音(TTS)输出
程序调用只需使用SDK标准的TTS接口即可.
在介绍TTS使用的文章中, 下面这一段的代码, 对于前面的科大讯飞或ITRI TTS并没什么效果, 只是多了一个弹窗, 当然, 也可以理解为, 这两个APP并没有按标准接口开发.
//显示应用选择窗. Intent checkIntent = new Intent(); checkIntent.setAction(TextToSpeech.Engine.ACTION_CHECK_TTS_DATA); startActivityForResult(checkIntent, MY_DATA_CHECK_CODE); private TextToSpeech mTts; protected void onActivityResult( int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { if (requestCode == MY_DATA_CHECK_CODE) { if (resultCode == TextToSpeech.Engine.CHECK_VOICE_DATA_PASS) { // success, create the TTS instance mTts = new TextToSpeech(this, this); } else { // missing data, install it Intent installIntent = new Intent(); installIntent.setAction(TextToSpeech.Engine.ACTION_INSTALL_TTS_DATA); startActivity(installIntent); } } }
在程序中打印TTS所支持的语言及声音getAvailableLanguages和getVoices:
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) { Set<Locale> ava = mTts.getAvailableLanguages(); if (ava != null) { for (Locale l : ava) { Logger.v(TAG, "supported " + l.toString()); } } else { Logger.d(TAG, "no supported language"); } Set<Voice> voices = mTts.getVoices(); if(voices != null){ for(Voice v : voices){ Logger.d(TAG, "TTS Voice: " + v.toString()); } } } String engine = mTts.getDefaultEngine(); Logger.d(TAG, "TTS Engine = " + engine);
2022-10-18 15:21:22.577 25266-25266 TextToSpeech com.tts.test I Connected to ComponentInfo{tw.pu.tts/tw.pu.tts.UttsService} 2022-10-18 15:21:22.582 25266-26006 TextToSpeech com.tts.test I Set up connection to ComponentInfo{tw.pu.tts/tw.pu.tts.UttsService} 2022-10-18 15:21:22.594 25266-25266 TTS com.tts.test D onInit 0 2022-10-18 15:21:22.650 25266-25266 TTS com.tts.test V supported zh 2022-10-18 15:21:22.650 25266-25266 TTS com.tts.test V supported en 2022-10-18 15:21:22.650 25266-25266 TTS com.tts.test V supported zh__#Hans 2022-10-18 15:21:22.650 25266-25266 TTS com.tts.test V supported zh__#Hant 2022-10-18 15:21:22.690 25266-25266 TTS com.tts.test D TTS Voice: Voice[Name: zh, locale: zh__#Hans, quality: 300, latency: 300, requiresNetwork: false, features: []] 2022-10-18 15:21:22.691 25266-25266 TTS com.tts.test D TTS Voice: Voice[Name: en, locale: en, quality: 300, latency: 300, requiresNetwork: false, features: []] 2022-10-18 15:21:22.691 25266-25266 TTS com.tts.test D TTS Voice: Voice[Name: zh, locale: zh, quality: 300, latency: 300, requiresNetwork: false, features: []] 2022-10-18 15:21:22.691 25266-25266 TTS com.tts.test D TTS Voice: Voice[Name: zh, locale: zh__#Hant, quality: 300, latency: 300, requiresNetwork: false, features: []] 2022-10-18 15:21:22.698 25266-25266 TTS com.tts.test D TTS Engine = tw.pu.tts
注: TTS的功能需要在TextToSpeech.OnInitListener回调, 并确认状态正常后才可以开始正常工作
完整代码TTS.java
import android.annotation.SuppressLint; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.media.AudioAttributes; import android.media.AudioManager; import android.speech.tts.TextToSpeech; import android.speech.tts.Voice; import java.util.Locale; import java.util.Set; public class TTS implements TextToSpeech.OnInitListener { final String TAG = "TTS"; TextToSpeech mTts; public TTS(Context context){ mTts = new TextToSpeech(context, this); } public TTS(Context context, TextToSpeech.OnInitListener lis){ mTts = new TextToSpeech(context, this); setOnInitListener(lis); } final int DATA_CHECK_CODE = 0x774; @Deprecated public TTS(Activity activity){ Intent checkIntent = new Intent(TextToSpeech.Engine.ACTION_CHECK_TTS_DATA); activity.startActivityForResult(checkIntent, 0x774); } @Deprecated public void onActivityResult(Activity activity, int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { if (requestCode == DATA_CHECK_CODE) { if (resultCode == TextToSpeech.Engine.CHECK_VOICE_DATA_PASS) { // success, create the TTS instance mTts = new TextToSpeech(activity, this); } else { // missing data, install it Intent installIntent = new Intent(TextToSpeech.Engine.ACTION_INSTALL_TTS_DATA); activity.startActivity(installIntent); } } } public TextToSpeech getTts(){return mTts;} private void dump(){ if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) { Set<Locale> ava = mTts.getAvailableLanguages(); if (ava != null) { for (Locale l : ava) { Logger.v(TAG, "supported " + l.toString()); } //mTts.setLanguage(Locale.US); } else { Logger.d(TAG, "no supported language"); } Set<Voice> voices = mTts.getVoices(); if(voices != null){ for(Voice v : voices){ Logger.d(TAG, "TTS Voice: " + v.toString()); } } } String engine = mTts.getDefaultEngine(); Logger.d(TAG, "TTS Engine = " + engine); } public void setSpeechSpeed(float speed){ mTts.setSpeechRate(speed); } public void setVoiceFreq(float freq){ mTts.setPitch(freq); } public void speak(String s){ if(mTts == null){ Logger.e(TAG, "speak failed: TTS not ready"); return; } int res = mTts.speak(s, TextToSpeech.QUEUE_ADD, null); if(res != 0){ Logger.w(TAG, "speak failed: " + res); }else{ Logger.d(TAG, "speak " + s + " done"); } } public void stop(){ mTts.stop(); } @Override public void onInit(int status) { Logger.d(TAG, "onInit " + status); if(status == 0) { dump(); mTts.setPitch(1f); mTts.setSpeechRate(1f); if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) { AudioAttributes attr = new AudioAttributes.Builder().setLegacyStreamType(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC).build(); mTts.setAudioAttributes(attr); } } if(initLis != null)initLis.onInit(status); } TextToSpeech.OnInitListener initLis; public void setOnInitListener(TextToSpeech.OnInitListener initLis){ this.initLis = initLis; } }
参考
Android 中文語音引擎資源
Android中使用自带TextToSpeech实现离线语音合成功能
The 7 Best Text-to-Speech Apps for Android
Android中提供的免费文字转语音功能TextToSpeech之快速入门用法（Android TTS 语音合成播报）
An introduction to Text-To-Speech in Android
附:
文字转语音(TTS) 应用 (APK)
