使用C#开发ChatGPT聊天程序
总体效果如下：
关键点1：无边框窗口拖动
Window中设置AllowsTransparency="True"、 Background="Transparent"以及WindowStyle="None"这样设置的话默认窗口的标题栏为不可见状态，且无法用鼠标拖动，使用windowChorme来解决
<WindowChrome.WindowChrome>
<WindowChromeCaptionHeight="50"UseAeroCaptionButtons="False"/>
</WindowChrome.WindowChrome>
该设置的详细讲解参见WPF之Window无边框拖动、特殊形状、Grid拖拽
关键点2：输入栏实现删除按钮
- 定义TextBox的ControlTemplate模板（节取重要部分）
<Stylex:Key="TextBoxPromote"TargetType="{x:Type TextBox}">
<SetterProperty="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplateTargetType="{x:Type TextBox}">
<Border
x:Name="border"
CornerRadius="6"
<DockPanel LastChildFill="True">
<!--新增btn按钮,并绑定Click事件-->
<Button
x:Name="btn"
Grid.Column="1"
Background="White"
BorderThickness="0"
Click="Button_Click"
Content=""
DockPanel.Dock="Right"
FontFamily="./img/#iconfont"/>
<ScrollViewer
x:Name="PART_ContentHost"
DockPanel.Dock="Left"
Focusable="false"
HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden"
VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden"/>
</DockPanel>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<!--新增DataTrigger，当Text属性部位为空时，不显示按钮，Hiddern表示不显示，但是用空格来代替按钮来保持布局，而Collapsed则是不显示且不保留空格-->
<DataTriggerBinding="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}, Path=Text}"Value="">
<SetterTargetName="btn"Property="Visibility"Value="Collapsed"/>
</DataTrigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
- 实现Button按钮事件
privatevoidButton_Click(objectsender, RoutedEventArgse)
{
Button?btn=senderasButton;
if (btn!=null)
{
varparent=VisualTreeHelper.GetParent(btn);
while (!(parentisTextBox))
{
parent=VisualTreeHelper.GetParent(parent);
}
TextBoxtxt=parentasTextBox;
if (txt!=null)
{
txt.Clear();
}
}
}
关键点3：ListBox实现聊天效果
本文使用ListBox来完成消息框的展示，因为涉及到发送和收到两种类型的消息，应该对应两种不同格式，所以会用到样式选择器，不知道怎么用的小伙伴可以看一下这篇文章WPF控件模板、数据模板、容器样式选择器。
- 定义选择器类
publicclassDateTemplateSelector:DataTemplateSelector
{
publicDataTemplateSendTemplate { get; set; }
publicDataTemplateResTemplate { get; set; }
publicoverrideDataTemplateSelectTemplate(objectitem, DependencyObjectcontainer)
{
Messagemessage= (Message)item;
if (message.IsSend)
{
returnSendTemplate;
}
else
{
returnResTemplate;
}
}
}
- 在Windwo.Resources中定义数据模板
发送模板
<DataTemplatex:Key="chatSend">
<StackPanel
x:Name="SendMsg"
Margin="0,12,20,0"
HorizontalAlignment="Right"
Orientation="Horizontal">
<StackPanelMargin="0,0,10,0"Orientation="Vertical">
<!-- 消息内容 -->
<Border
MinWidth="50"
MinHeight="30"
MaxWidth="{Binding Path=ActualWidth,ElementName=borderWidth}"
Background="#c8dd1f"
BorderBrush="#ddd"
BorderThickness="1"
CornerRadius="8,0,8,8">
<TextBox
MinWidth="30"
Margin="8"
VerticalAlignment="Center"
Background="Transparent"
BorderThickness="0"
FontSize="14"
IsReadOnly="True"
Text="{Binding Msg}"
TextWrapping="WrapWithOverflow"/>
</Border>
</StackPanel>
<!-- 头像 -->
<Border
Width="35"
Height="35"
Margin="0,2,0,0"
VerticalAlignment="Top"
BorderThickness="0">
<Border.Background>
<ImageBrushImageSource="/img/user.jpg"/>
</Border.Background>
</Border>
</StackPanel>
</DataTemplate>
接收模板
<DataTemplatex:Key="chatRes">
<StackPanel
x:Name="SendMsg"
Margin="0,12,20,0"
HorizontalAlignment="Right"
Orientation="Horizontal">
<!-- 头像 -->
<Border
Width="35"
Height="35"
Margin="0,2,0,0"
VerticalAlignment="Top"
BorderThickness="0">
<Border.Background>
<ImageBrushImageSource="/img/图标ChatGPT.ico"/>
</Border.Background>
</Border>
<StackPanelMargin="0,0,10,0"Orientation="Vertical">
<!-- 消息内容 -->
<Border
MinWidth="50"
MinHeight="30"
MaxWidth="{Binding Path=ActualWidth,ElementName=borderWidth}"
Background="#c8dd1f"
BorderBrush="#ddd"
BorderThickness="1"
CornerRadius="0,8,8,8">
<TextBox
MinWidth="30"
Margin="8"
VerticalAlignment="Center"
Background="Transparent"
BorderThickness="0"
FontSize="14"
IsReadOnly="True"
MaxLength="25"
Text="{Binding Msg}"
TextWrapping="WrapWithOverflow"/>
</Border>
</StackPanel>
</StackPanel>
</DataTemplate>
- 因为发送消息和接受消息的对齐方式不同，一个是左一个是右，所以要定义下
ListBox.ItemContainerStyle
<Stylex:Key="listViewItemStyle"TargetType="{x:Type ListBoxItem}">
<SetterProperty="FocusVisualStyle"Value="{x:Null}"/>
<SetterProperty="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplateTargetType="{x:Type ListBoxItem}">
<Border
Name="Bd"
Margin="1"
Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}"
Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"
BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"
BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}"
SnapsToDevicePixels="true">
<ContentPresenter
Margin="1"
HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}"
VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalContentAlignment}"
SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}"/>
</Border>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
<!--判断是否为发送，从而使用不同的对齐方式-->
<Style.Triggers>
<DataTriggerBinding="{Binding IsSend}"Value="True">
<SetterProperty="HorizontalContentAlignment"Value="Stretch"/>
</DataTrigger>
<DataTriggerBinding="{Binding IsSend}"Value="False">
<SetterProperty="HorizontalContentAlignment"Value="Left"/>
</DataTrigger>
</Style.Triggers>
</Style>
- 为了实现ListBox始终保持下拉到最后的状态，自定义类，重写OnItemsChanged方法
classScrollingListBox : ListBox
{
protectedoverridevoidOnItemsChanged(System.Collections.Specialized.NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgse)
{
if (e.NewItems==null) return;
varnewItemCount=e.NewItems.Count;
if (newItemCount>0)
this.ScrollIntoView(e.NewItems[newItemCount-1]);
base.OnItemsChanged(e);
}
}
- XAML中设置
<!-- 消息显示区 -->
<!--设置ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll="False"可以使得滚动条更加丝滑-->
<local:ScrollingListBox
Grid.Row="0"
BorderBrush="#D3D3D3"
BorderThickness="0,1,0,1"
ItemsSource="{Binding Path=Messages, ElementName=mainWindow}"
ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Disabled"
ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll="False"
SelectionMode="Extended">
<ListBox.ItemTemplateSelector>
<local:DateTemplateSelector ResTemplate="{StaticResource chatRes}" SendTemplate="{StaticResource chatSend}" />
</ListBox.ItemTemplateSelector>
<ListBox.ItemContainerStyle>
<Style BasedOn="{StaticResource listViewItemStyle}" TargetType="{x:Type ListBoxItem}" />
</ListBox.ItemContainerStyle>
</local:ScrollingListBox>
