Iterators迭代器
挑战1
问题:
A) 创建一个for循环,用于遍历数组,返回数组的所有元素的总和。
B) 创建一个函数式迭代器,调用时遍历传入的数组的每一个元素,每次一个元素。
题解:
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// CHALLENGE 1 functionsumFunc(arr) { // YOUR CODE HERE let sum = 0 for(let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { sum += arr[i] } return sum } // Uncomment the lines below to test your work const array = [1, 2, 3, 4]; console.log(sumFunc(array)); // -> should log 10 functionreturnIterator(arr) { // YOUR CODE HERE let i = 0 const inner = () => { const element = arr[i] i++ return element } return inner } // Uncomment the lines below to test your work const array2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']; const myIterator = returnIterator(array2); console.log(myIterator()); // -> should log 'a' console.log(myIterator()); // -> should log 'b' console.log(myIterator()); // -> should log 'c' console.log(myIterator()); // -> should log 'd' |
挑战2
问题:
创建一个附有next方法的迭代器。当.next被调用时,此迭代器会逐个返回数组内的元素。
题解:
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// CHALLENGE 2 functionnextIterator(arr) { // YOUR CODE HERE let i = 0 const inner = { next: () => { const element = arr[i] i++ return element } } return inner } // Uncomment the lines below to test your work const array3 = [1, 2, 3]; const iteratorWithNext = nextIterator(array3); console.log(iteratorWithNext.next()); // -> should log 1 console.log(iteratorWithNext.next()); // -> should log 2 console.log(iteratorWithNext.next()); // -> should log 3 |
挑战3
问题:
编写代码,使用上方的nextIterator函数遍历一整个数组,然后求和。
题解:
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// CHALLENGE 3 functionsumArray(arr) { // YOUR CODE HERE // use your nextIterator function const iteratorWithNext = nextIterator(arr) let sum = 0 let item while(item = iteratorWithNext.next()) { sum += item } return sum } // Uncomment the lines below to test your work const array4 = [1, 2, 3, 4]; console.log(sumArray(array4)); // -> should log 10 |
挑战4
问题:
创建一个附有next方法的迭代器。当调用.next时,它会返回传入的set集合的每一个元素。
题解:
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// CHALLENGE 4 functionsetIterator(set) { // YOUR CODE HERE // Solution One: // let i = 0 // const arr = [...set] // return { // next: () => arr[i++] // } // Solution Two: const newSet = set[Symbol.iterator]() return {next: () => newSet.next().value} } // Uncomment the lines below to test your work const mySet = newSet('hey'); const iterateSet = setIterator(mySet); console.log(iterateSet.next()); // -> should log 'h' console.log(iterateSet.next()); // -> should log 'e' console.log(iterateSet.next()); // -> should log 'y' |
挑战5
问题:
创建一个附有next方法的迭代器。当调用.next时,它会返回带有两个元素的数组(第一个为下标,第二个为下标对应的数组元素)。
题解:
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// CHALLENGE 5 functionindexIterator(arr) { // YOUR CODE HERE let i = 0 return { next: () => { const element = arr[i] const index = i i++ return [index, element] } } } // Uncomment the lines below to test your work const array5 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']; const iteratorWithIndex = indexIterator(array5); console.log(iteratorWithIndex.next()); // -> should log [0, 'a'] console.log(iteratorWithIndex.next()); // -> should log [1, 'b'] console.log(iteratorWithIndex.next()); // -> should log [2, 'c'] |
挑战6
问题:
创建一个迭代器。在它的.next方法被调用时,它会返回一个句子型字符串中的每一个单词。
(提示:使用正则表达式!)
然后将此操作当成一个方法挂载到构建函数Words的原型链上。
(提示:研究Symbol.iterator!)
题解:
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// CHALLENGE 6 functionWords(string) { this.str = string; } Words.prototype[Symbol.iterator] = function() { // YOUR CODE HERE const reg = /\w+/g const strArr = this.str.match(reg) let index = 0 return { next: () => (index < strArr.length) ? { done: false, value: strArr[index++] } : { done: true, value: undefined } } } // Uncomment the lines below to test your work const helloWorld = new Words('Hello World'); for (let word of helloWorld) { console.log(word); } // -> should log 'Hello' and 'World' |
挑战7
问题:
创建一个函数。此函数会遍历传入的数组,返回对应的遍历元素和字符串“was found after index x”拼接而成的字符串结果,其中的x是前一个下标。
注意:对于第一个元素,它应该返回“It is the first”。
题解:
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// CHALLENGE 7 functionvalueAndPrevIndex(array){ const iteratedArray = array[Symbol.iterator]() let index = 0 return { sentence: () => { if (index == 0) { iteratedArray.next() index++ return`It is the first` } else { const result = `${iteratedArray.next().value} was found after index ${index - 1}` index++ return result } } } } const returnedSentence = valueAndPrevIndex([4,5,6]) console.log(returnedSentence.sentence()); console.log(returnedSentence.sentence()); console.log(returnedSentence.sentence()); |
挑战8
问题:
编写一个函数。它会每三秒钟console.log打印“hello there”或“gibberish”,取决于传入函数的值是否为“english”。
请勿使用任何形式的循环且请仅调用createConversation一次。
题解:
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//CHALLENGE 8 function* createConversation(string) { let output = '' if (string === 'english') { output = 'hello there' } else { output = 'gibberish' } yield setInterval(() => {console.log(output)}, 3000) } createConversation('english').next(); |
挑战9
问题:
使用async/await来console.log打印一个由名词noun和动词verb构成的句子,其中非异步函数会接收一个名词noun,与一个硬编码的动词verb拼接,在三秒后返回给异步函数。异步函数接收到数据后,会console.log打印相应数据。异步函数仅能调用一次,传入一个名词noun见证它的执行吧!
题解:
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//CHALLENGE 9 functionwaitForVerb(noun) { returnnewPromise(resolve => { const verb = 'barks' setTimeout(() => resolve(`${noun}${verb}`), 3000) }) } asyncfunctionf(noun) { const sentence = await waitForVerb(noun) console.log(sentence) } f("dog") |