文件上传和下载
Spring MVC为文件上传提供了直接的支持，这种支持是用即插即用的MultipartResolver实现的。
文件上传是项目开发中最常见的功能之一 ,springMVC 可以很好的支持文件上传，但是SpringMVC上下文中默认没有装配MultipartResolver，因此默认情况下其不能处理文件上传工作。如果想使用Spring的文件上传功能，则需要在上下文中配置MultipartResolver。
1.创建普通Maven项目后，添加web框架
2.配置web.xml配置文件，改为最新的4.0版本
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> </web-app>
3.在web.xml配置注册DispatcherServlet
<!--1.注册DispatcherServlet--> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!--关联一个springmvc的配置文件:【servlet-name】-servlet.xml--> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!--启动级别-1--> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <!--/ 匹配所有的请求；（不包括.jsp）--> <!--/* 匹配所有的请求；（包括.jsp）--> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
4.配置springmvc-servlet.xml配置文件,名称：springmvc-servlet.xml,说明，这里的名称要求是按照官方来的。
加入jackson统一乱码解决，这是SpringMVC自带的！
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.shan.controller"/> <mvc:default-servlet-handler /> <!--jackson统一乱码解决--> <mvc:annotation-driven> <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true"> <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"> <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"> <property name="objectMapper"> <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean"> <property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/> </bean> </property> </bean> </mvc:message-converters> </mvc:annotation-driven> <!-- 视图解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver"> <!-- 前缀 --> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <!-- 后缀 --> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>
5.导入文件上传依赖
<!--文件上传--> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.3</version> </dependency>
6.编写Controller处理请求
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.*; import java.net.URLEncoder; @Controller public class FileController { //@RequestParam("file") 将name=file控件得到的文件封装成CommonsMultipartFile 对象 //批量上传CommonsMultipartFile则为数组即可 @RequestMapping("/upload") public String fileUpload(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file , HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException { //获取文件名 : file.getOriginalFilename(); String uploadFileName = file.getOriginalFilename(); //如果文件名为空，直接回到首页！ if ("".equals(uploadFileName)){ return "redirect:/index.jsp"; } System.out.println("上传文件名 : "+uploadFileName); //上传路径保存设置 String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload"); //如果路径不存在，创建一个 File realPath = new File(path); if (!realPath.exists()){ realPath.mkdir(); } System.out.println("上传文件保存地址："+realPath); InputStream is = file.getInputStream(); //文件输入流 OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(new File(realPath,uploadFileName)); //文件输出流 //读取写出 int len=0; byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; while ((len=is.read(buffer))!=-1){ os.write(buffer,0,len); os.flush(); } os.close(); is.close(); return "redirect:/index.jsp"; } @RequestMapping("/upload2") public String fileUpload2(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException { //上传路径保存设置 String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload"); File realPath = new File(path); if (!realPath.exists()){ realPath.mkdir(); } //上传文件地址 System.out.println("上传文件保存地址："+realPath); //通过CommonsMultipartFile的方法直接写文件（注意这个时候） file.transferTo(new File(realPath +"/"+ file.getOriginalFilename())); return "redirect:/index.jsp"; } @RequestMapping(value="/download") public String downloads(HttpServletResponse response , HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{ //要下载的图片地址 String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload"); String fileName = "狗牌.jpg"; //1、设置response 响应头 response.reset(); //设置页面不缓存,清空buffer response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); //字符编码 response.setContentType("multipart/form-data"); //二进制传输数据 //设置响应头 response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;fileName="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8")); File file = new File(path,fileName); //2、 读取文件--输入流 InputStream input=new FileInputStream(file); //3、 写出文件--输出流 OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream(); byte[] buff =new byte[1024]; int index=0; //4、执行 写出操作 while((index= input.read(buff))!= -1){ out.write(buff, 0, index); out.flush(); } out.close(); input.close(); return null; } }
7.在SpringMVC上配置文件上传设置
<!--文件上传配置--> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> <!-- 请求的编码格式，必须和jSP的pageEncoding属性一致，以便正确读取表单的内容，默认为ISO-8859-1 --> <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/> <!-- 上传文件大小上限，单位为字节（10485760=10M） --> <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/> <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/> </bean>
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