命令缩写：
ls：list(列出目录内容)
cd：Change Directory（改变目录）
su:switch user 切换用户
rpm:redhat package manager 红帽子打包管理器
pwd:print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径
ps: process status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器) 常用参数：－auxf
ps -auxf 显示进程状态
df: disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。
rmdir：Remove Directory（删除目录）
rm：Remove（删除目录或文件）
cat: concatenate连锁 cat file1 file2>>file3把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中
insmod: install module,载入模块
ln: Link files
ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式
mkdir：Make Directory(创建目录
touch:
man: Manual 手册、指南
mkfs: Make file system
fsck：File system check
uname: Unix name
du: Disk usage
lsmod: List modules
mv: Move file
cp: Copy file
fg: Foreground
bg: Background
chown: Change owner
chgrp: Change group
chmod: Change mode
umount: Unmount
dd: 本来应根据其功能描述“Convert an copy”命名为“cc”，但“cc”已经被用以代表“C Complier”，所以命名为“dd”
dd = Disk Dump
tar：Tape archive
ldd：List dynamic dependencies
rmmod：Remove module
文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration
Knnxxx / Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）
.a（扩展名a）：Archive，static library
.so（扩展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library
.o（扩展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file
RPM：Red hat package manager
dpkg：Debian package manager
apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供）
部分Linux命令缩
bin = BINaries #下面的是一些二进制程序文件 /dev = DEVices #下面的是一些硬件驱动 /etc = ETCetera #目录存放着各种系统配置文件, 类似于windows下的system /lib = LIBrary /proc = PROCesses /sbin = Superuser BINaries /tmp = TeMPorary /usr = Unix Shared Resources /var = VARiable ? /boot=boot #下面的是开机启动文件 FIFO = First In, First Out GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader IFS = Internal Field Seperators LILO = LInux LOader MySQL = My是最初作者女儿的名字，SQL = Structured Query Language PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP Hypertext Preprocessor PS = Prompt String Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language" = "Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister" Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python's Flying Circus Tcl = Tool Command Language Tk = ToolKit VT = Video Terminal YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool apache = "a patchy" server apt = Advanced Packaging Tool ar = archiver as = assembler awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan" 三个作者的姓的第一个字母 bash = Bourne Again SHell bc = Basic (Better) Calculator biff = 作者Heidi Stettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。 cal = CALendar chsh = CHange SHell cmp = compare cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture comm = common cpio = CoPy In and Out cpp = C Pre Processor cron = Chronos 希腊文时间 cups = Common Unix Printing System cvs = Current Version System daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor dc = Desk Calculator diff = DIFFerence dmesg = diagnostic message ed = editor egrep = Extended GREP elf = Extensible Linking Format elm = ELectronic Mail emacs = Editor MACroS eval = EVALuate ex = EXtended exec = EXECute fd = file descriptors fgrep = Fixed GREP fmt = format fstab = FileSystem TABle fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager gawk = GNU AWK gpg = GNU Privacy Guard groff = GNU troff hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer joe = Joe's Own Editor ksh = Korn SHell lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder lex = LEXical analyser lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses lpr = Line PRint lsof = LiSt Open Files m4 = Macro processor Version 4 mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK mc = Midnight Commander mknod = MaKe NODe motd = Message of The Day mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa mtab = Mount TABle nano = Nano's ANOther editor nawk = New AWK nl = Number of Lines nm = names nohup = No HangUP nroff = New ROFF od = Octal Dump passwd = PASSWorD pg = pager pico = PIne's message COmposition editor pine = "Program for Internet News & Email" = "Pine is not Elm" ping = 拟声 又 = Packet InterNet Grouper pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability popd = POP Directory pr = pre printf = PRINT Formatted pty = pseudo tty pushd = PUSH Directory rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell rev = REVerse rn = Read News roff = RunOFF rsh, rlogin, rvim中的r = Remote rxvt = ouR XVT seamoneky = 我 sed = Stream EDitor seq = SEQuence shar = SHell ARchive slrn = S-Lang rn ssh = Secure SHell ssl = Secure Sockets Layer stty = Set TTY svn = SubVersioN tcsh = TENEX C shell tee = T (T形水管接口) telnet = TEminaL over Network termcap = terminal capability terminfo = terminal information tex = τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art tr = traslate troff = Typesetter new ROFF tsort = Topological SORT tty = TeleTypewriter twm = Tom's Window Manager tz = TimeZone udev = Userspace DEV ulimit = User's LIMIT umask = User's MASK uniq = UNIQue vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient vim = Vi IMproved wall = write all wc = Word Count wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator xargs = eXtended ARGuments xdm = X Display Manager xlfd = X Logical Font Description xmms = X Multimedia System xrdb = X Resources DataBase xwd = X Window Dump yacc = yet another compiler compiler Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions ECMA = European Computer Manufacturers Association |
