CentOS上安装JDK和Nginx

2022-10-08 215

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简介： 我们再练习项目时都是在本地进行跑，那如何把项目放到服务器上呢，要让项目在服务器上运行起来，我们需要在服务器上安装环境，本文将为大家带来JDK和Nginx的安装与下载，为我们部署项目做准备。Nginx是一款轻量级的Web 服务器/反向代理服务器及电子邮件（IMAP/POP3）代理服务器，在BSD-like 协议下发行。其特点是占有内存少，并发能力强，事实上nginx的并发能力确实在同类型的网页服务器中表现较好；

Linux上安装LDK、Nginx

一、安装JDK

第一步：检测系统中是否存在JDK

[root@chenstudy ~]# java --version

显示：

-bash: java: command not found

说明系统中未安装JDK

第二步：安装新的JDK

2.1、下载JDK

JDK的下载链接：https://www.oracle.com/cn/java/technologies/downloads/

2.2、使用xftp上传文件

2.3、进入到目录，解压刚上传的文件

[root@chenstudy local]# cd jdk1.8/
[root@chenstudy jdk1.8]# ll
total 144692
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 148162542 Oct  8 09:37 jdk-8u341-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@chenstudy jdk1.8]# tar -zxvf jdk-8u341-linux-x64.tar.gz 
[root@chenstudy jdk1.8]# ll
total 144696
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root      4096 Oct  8 09:39 jdk1.8.0_341
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 148162542 Oct  8 09:37 jdk-8u341-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@chenstudy jdk1.8]# mv jdk1.8.0_341 jdk1.8 # 重命名
[root@chenstudy jdk1.8]# ll
total 144696
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root      4096 Oct  8 09:39 jdk1.8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 148162542 Oct  8 09:37 jdk-8u341-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@chenstudy jdk1.8]#

得到Jdk目录路径/usr/local/jdk1.8/jdk1.8

2.4、给所有的用户配置java环境

编辑 /etc/profile文件

按下i键，然后移动到最后一行，添加

#configuration java development enviroument
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8/jdk1.8
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

然后按下esc键，输入:wq

再执行source /etc/profile之后输入 java -version如果能看到对应版本信息，则说明java环境变量配置成功。

[root@chenstudy jdk1.8]# source /etc/profile
[root@chenstudy jdk1.8]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_341"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_341-b10)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.341-b10, mixed mode)

二、Nginx 安装

第一步：安装编译工具及库文件

[root@chenstudy src]# yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool  openssl openssl-devel

第二步、首先要安装 PCRE

PCRE 作用是让 Nginx 支持 Rewrite 功能。

2.1、下载 PCRE 安装包，

PCRE下载地址： http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz

[root@chenstudy src]# cd /usr/local/src
[root@chenstudy src]# wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz

2.2、解压安装包

[root@chenstudy src]# tar -zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz

2.3、进入安装包目录

[root@chenstudy src]# cd pcre-8.35

2.4、编译安装

[root@chenstudy pcre-8.35]# ./configure
[root@chenstudy pcre-8.35]# make && make install

2.5、查看pcre版本

[root@chenstudy pcre-8.35]# pcre-config --version
8.35

第三步：安装nginx

3.1、下载nginx

下载地址：https://nginx.org/en/download.html

[root@chenstudy pcre-8.35]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@chenstudy src]# wget wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz

3.2、解压安装包

[root@chenstudy src]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz

3.3、进入安装包目录

[root@chenstudy src]# cd nginx-1.22.0

3.4、编译安装

[root@chenstudy nginx-1.22.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.35
[root@chenstudy nginx-1.22.0]# make && make install

到此，nginx安装完成

第三步：Nginx 配置

第一步：创建 Nginx 运行使用的用户 www：

[root@chenstudy nginx-1.22.0]# cd /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
[root@chenstudy conf]# /usr/sbin/groupadd www
[root@chenstudy conf]# /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

第二步：配置nginx.conf

将/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf替换为以下内容：

[root@chenstudy conf]# cat nginx.conf

user  www www;
worker_processes  1;

error_log  /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; # 日志位置和日志级别
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

pid        /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections  65535;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
    client_header_buffer_size 32k;
    large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
    client_max_body_size 8m;
     
    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    keepalive_timeout 60;
    tcp_nodelay on;
    fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
    fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
    fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
    fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
    gzip on; 
    gzip_min_length 1k;
    gzip_buffers 4 16k;
    gzip_http_version 1.0;
    gzip_comp_level 2;
    gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
    gzip_vary on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

检查配置文件nginx.conf的正确性命令：

[root@chenstudy conf]# /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

第三步：启动 Nginx

Nginx 启动命令如下：

[root@chenstudy conf]# /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
[root@chenstudy conf]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root      5820     1  0 10:45 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
www       5821  5820  0 10:45 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      5851 24210  0 10:46 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

访问站点：

Nginx 其他命令

以下包含了 Nginx 常用的几个命令：

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload            # 重新载入配置文件
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen            # 重启 Nginx
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop              # 停止 Nginx