step1 :
设置python 虚拟环境并激活,然后安装Django开发版本
这里可以本人参考博客
step2 :
新建项目
之前安装Django以及虚拟环境都是在C盘下处理的,在这里用D盘存储项目
出现小插曲:
C:\Users\用户名>d: D:\>cd .DjangoProj D:\.DjangoProj>django-admin startproject mysite 'django-admin' 不是内部或外部命令,也不是可运行的程序 或批处理文件。 D:\.DjangoProj>python Python 3.8.5 (default, Sep 3 2020, 21:29:08) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)] :: Anaconda, Inc. on win32 Warning: This Python interpreter is in a conda environment, but the environment has not been activated. Libraries may fail to load. To activate this environment please see https://conda.io/activation Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> django-admin startproject mysite File "<stdin>", line 1 django-admin startproject mysite ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax >>> import Django Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'Django' >>> import django Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'django' >>> D:\.DjangoProj>python -m django --version D:\Anaconda\python.exe: No module named django D:\.DjangoProj>python -m django --version D:\Anaconda\python.exe: No module named django
但是没关系,我们可以在这里同样使用命令
python -m pip install Django -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
然后:
D:\.DjangoProj>python -m pip install Django -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/ Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/ Collecting Django Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/a8/ca/e88eb097959c48cd313dfc4bc394699a48fe5c158ed3a64c13e4fa46c1fd/Django-3.2.9-py3-none-any.whl (7.9 MB) Collecting asgiref<4,>=3.3.2 Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/fe/66/577f32b54c50dcd8dec38447258e82ed327ecb86820d67ae7b3dea784f13/asgiref-3.4.1-py3-none-any.whl (25 kB) Collecting sqlparse>=0.2.2 Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/05/40/d836d55fb3f467243ee839ab7b814822fda522cd395fa41e282684e71ee5/sqlparse-0.4.2-py3-none-any.whl (42 kB) Requirement already satisfied: pytz in d:\anaconda\lib\site-packages (from Django) (2020.1) Installing collected packages: asgiref, sqlparse, Django Successfully installed Django-3.2.9 asgiref-3.4.1 sqlparse-0.4.2 D:\.DjangoProj>django-admin startproject mysite D:\.DjangoProj>
没有错误发生
step3:
发现创建了文件夹mysite
并且项目结构为:
mysite/ manage.py mysite/ __init__.py settings.py urls.py asgi.py wsgi.py
这些目录和文件的用处是:
- 最外层的 mysite/ 根目录只是你项目的容器, 根目录名称对 Django 没有影响,你可以将它重命名为任何你喜欢的名称。
- manage.py: 一个让你用各种方式管理 Django 项目的命令行工具。你可以阅读 django-admin 和 manage.py 获取所有 manage.py 的细节。
- 里面一层的 mysite/ 目录包含你的项目,它是一个纯 Python 包。它的名字就是当你引用它内部任何东西时需要用到的 Python 包名。 (比如 mysite.urls).
- mysite/init.py:一个空文件,告诉 Python 这个目录应该被认为是一个 Python 包。如果你是 Python 初学者,阅读官方文档中的 更多关于包的知识。
- mysite/settings.py:Django 项目的配置文件。如果你想知道这个文件是如何工作的,请查看 Django 配置 了解细节。
- mysite/urls.py:Django 项目的 URL 声明,就像你网站的“目录”。阅读 URL调度器 文档来获取更多关于 URL 的内容。
- mysite/asgi.py:作为你的项目的运行在 ASGI 兼容的 Web 服务器上的入口。阅读 如何使用 ASGI 来部署 了解更多细节。
- mysite/wsgi.py:作为你的项目的运行在 WSGI 兼容的Web服务器上的入口。阅读 如何使用 WSGI 进行部署 了解更多细节。
然后出现了问题:
D:\.DjangoProj\mysite>python manage.py runserver Watching for file changes with StatReloader Exception in thread django-main-thread: Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\Anaconda\lib\threading.py", line 932, in _bootstrap_inner self.run() File "D:\Anaconda\lib\threading.py", line 870, in run self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs) File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper fn(*args, **kwargs) File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 110, in inner_run autoreload.raise_last_exception() File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 87, in raise_last_exception raise _exception[1] File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 375, in execute autoreload.check_errors(django.setup)() File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper fn(*args, **kwargs) File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\__init__.py", line 24, in setup apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS) File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 114, in populate app_config.import_models() File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\apps\config.py", line 301, in import_models self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name) File "D:\Anaconda\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 127, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1014, in _gcd_import File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 991, in _find_and_load File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 975, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 671, in _load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 783, in exec_module File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\models.py", line 3, in <module> from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\base_user.py", line 48, in <module> class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model): File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 122, in __new__ new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, app_label)) File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 326, in add_to_class value.contribute_to_class(cls, name) File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\options.py", line 207, in contribute_to_class self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length()) File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\utils\connection.py", line 15, in __getattr__ return getattr(self._connections[self._alias], item) File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\utils\connection.py", line 62, in __getitem__ conn = self.create_connection(alias) File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 204, in create_connection backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE']) File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 111, in load_backend return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name) File "D:\Anaconda\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 127, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "D:\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\sqlite3\base.py", line 15, in <module> from sqlite3 import dbapi2 as Database File "D:\Anaconda\lib\sqlite3\__init__.py", line 23, in <module> from sqlite3.dbapi2 import * File "D:\Anaconda\lib\sqlite3\dbapi2.py", line 27, in <module> from _sqlite3 import * ImportError: DLL load failed while importing _sqlite3: 找不到指定的模块。
是因为缺少mysqlclient
吗?
然后:
pip install mysqlclient -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
依旧不行
换到C盘下并且在虚拟环境中执行该命令:
发现玄学问题:
根据教程找到:
从网站下载对应文件并解压
解压后移动到Andconda下对应目录,如图:
执行命令之后:
然后成功!!!!!!!
文章知识点与官方知识档案匹配,可进一步学习相关知识
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