题目链接：点击打开链接
题目大意：略。
解题思路：略。
相关企业
- 字节跳动
- 微软（Microsoft）
AC 代码
// 方法1:CyclicBarrier class FizzBuzz { private int n; private CyclicBarrier cb = new CyclicBarrier(4); public FizzBuzz(int n) { this.n = n; } // printFizz.run() outputs "fizz". public void fizz(Runnable printFizz) throws InterruptedException { for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { if (i % 3 == 0 && i % 5 != 0) { printFizz.run(); } try { cb.await(); } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } // printBuzz.run() outputs "buzz". public void buzz(Runnable printBuzz) throws InterruptedException { for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { if (i % 3 != 0 && i % 5 == 0) { printBuzz.run(); } try { cb.await(); } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } // printFizzBuzz.run() outputs "fizzbuzz". public void fizzbuzz(Runnable printFizzBuzz) throws InterruptedException { for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { if (i % 3 == 0 && i % 5 == 0) { printFizzBuzz.run(); } try { cb.await(); } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } // printNumber.accept(x) outputs "x", where x is an integer. public void number(IntConsumer printNumber) throws InterruptedException { for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { if (i % 3 != 0 && i % 5 != 0) { printNumber.accept(i); } try { cb.await(); } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } // 方法2:Semaphore class FizzBuzz { private int n; private Semaphore number = new Semaphore(1); private Semaphore fizz = new Semaphore(0); private Semaphore buzz = new Semaphore(0); private Semaphore fizzbuzz = new Semaphore(0); public FizzBuzz(int n) { this.n = n; } // printFizz.run() outputs "fizz". public void fizz(Runnable printFizz) throws InterruptedException { for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { if (i % 3 == 0 && i % 5 != 0) { fizz.acquire(); printFizz.run(); number.release(); } } } // printBuzz.run() outputs "buzz". public void buzz(Runnable printBuzz) throws InterruptedException { for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { if (i % 3 != 0 && i % 5 == 0) { buzz.acquire(); printBuzz.run(); number.release(); } } } // printFizzBuzz.run() outputs "fizzbuzz". public void fizzbuzz(Runnable printFizzBuzz) throws InterruptedException { for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { if (i % 3 == 0 && i % 5 == 0) { fizzbuzz.acquire(); printFizzBuzz.run(); number.release(); } } } // printNumber.accept(x) outputs "x", where x is an integer. public void number(IntConsumer printNumber) throws InterruptedException { for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { number.acquire(); if (i % 3 != 0 && i % 5 != 0) {//开始打印 printNumber.accept(i); number.release(); } else if (i % 3 == 0 && i % 5 != 0) {//fizz开始打印 fizz.release(); } else if (i % 3 != 0 && i % 5 == 0) {//buzz开始打印 buzz.release(); } else { fizzbuzz.release();//fizzbuzz开始打印 } } } } // 方法3:Semaphore class FizzBuzz { private int n; private Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(1); private int cur = 1; public FizzBuzz(int n) { this.n = n; } // printFizz.run() outputs "fizz". public void fizz(Runnable printFizz) throws InterruptedException { while (true) { semaphore.acquire(1); try { // 原因就在这里，循环过程中如果打印的字符串个数已经满足要求，那么会使用return来返回，终止该方法的执行。 // 但是咱们已经获取了信号量，那么在方法返回前需要释放该信号量，否则会导致其它线程一直等待，整个程序一直不结束。 // Java语言中try-finally可以做到这一点，try-finally代码块也是常用的一种释放资源（IO流、数据库连接等）的方式。 // 不是程序死循环，而是其它线程在wait，导致无法退出。 if (cur > n) return; if (cur % 3 == 0 && cur % 5 != 0) { cur++; printFizz.run(); } } finally { semaphore.release(1); } } } // printBuzz.run() outputs "buzz". public void buzz(Runnable printBuzz) throws InterruptedException { while (true) { semaphore.acquire(1); try { if (cur > n) return; if (cur % 3 != 0 && cur % 5 == 0) { cur++; printBuzz.run(); } } finally { semaphore.release(1); } } } // printFizzBuzz.run() outputs "fizzbuzz". public void fizzbuzz(Runnable printFizzBuzz) throws InterruptedException { while (true) { semaphore.acquire(1); try { if (cur > n) return; if (cur % 3 == 0 && cur % 5 == 0) { cur++; printFizzBuzz.run(); } } finally { semaphore.release(1); } } } // printNumber.accept(x) outputs "x", where x is an integer. public void number(IntConsumer printNumber) throws InterruptedException { while (true) { semaphore.acquire(1); try { if (cur > n) return; if (cur % 3 != 0 && cur % 5 != 0) { printNumber.accept(cur); cur++; } } finally { semaphore.release(1); } } } } // 方法4:Thread.yield() class FizzBuzz { private int n; private volatile int state = 0; public FizzBuzz(int n) { this.n = n; } public void fizz(Runnable printFizz) throws InterruptedException { for (int i = 3; i <= n; i += 3) { //只输出3的倍数(不包含15的倍数) if (i % 15 == 0) continue; //15的倍数不处理，交给fizzbuzz()方法处理 while (state != 3) Thread.yield(); printFizz.run(); state = 0; } } public void buzz(Runnable printBuzz) throws InterruptedException { for (int i = 5; i <= n; i += 5) { //只输出5的倍数(不包含15的倍数) if (i % 15 == 0) //15的倍数不处理，交给fizzbuzz()方法处理 continue; while (state != 5) Thread.yield(); printBuzz.run(); state = 0; } } public void fizzbuzz(Runnable printFizzBuzz) throws InterruptedException { for (int i = 15; i <= n; i += 15) { //只输出15的倍数 while (state != 15) Thread.yield(); printFizzBuzz.run(); state = 0; } } public void number(IntConsumer printNumber) throws InterruptedException { for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { while (state != 0) Thread.yield(); if (i % 3 != 0 && i % 5 != 0) printNumber.accept(i); else { if (i % 15 == 0) state = 15; //交给fizzbuzz()方法处理 else if (i % 5 == 0) state = 5; //交给buzz()方法处理 else state = 3; //交给fizz()方法处理 } } } } // 方法5:ReentrantLock+Condition class FizzBuzz { private int n; private ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(); int state = 0; private Condition condition = lock.newCondition(); public FizzBuzz(int n) { this.n = n; } // printFizz.run() outputs "fizz". public void fizz(Runnable printFizz) throws InterruptedException { for (int i = 3; i <= n; i += 3) { try { if (i % 3 == 0 && i % 5 == 0) continue; lock.lock(); while (state != 3) { condition.await(); } printFizz.run(); state = 0; condition.signalAll(); } finally { lock.unlock(); } } } // printBuzz.run() outputs "buzz". public void buzz(Runnable printBuzz) throws InterruptedException { for (int i = 5; i <= n; i += 5) { try { if (i % 3 == 0 && i % 5 == 0) continue; lock.lock(); while (state != 5) { condition.await(); } printBuzz.run(); state = 0; condition.signalAll(); } finally { lock.unlock(); } } } // printFizzBuzz.run() outputs "fizzbuzz". public void fizzbuzz(Runnable printFizzBuzz) throws InterruptedException { for (int i = 15; i <= n; i += 15) { try { lock.lock(); while (state != 15) { condition.await(); } printFizzBuzz.run(); state = 0; condition.signalAll(); } finally { lock.unlock(); } } } // printNumber.accept(x) outputs "x", where x is an integer. public void number(IntConsumer printNumber) throws InterruptedException { for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { try { lock.lock(); while (state != 0) { condition.await(); } if (i % 3 != 0 && i % 5 != 0) { printNumber.accept(i); } else { if (i % 3 == 0 && i % 5 == 0) state = 15; else if (i % 3 == 0) state = 3; else if (i % 5 == 0) state = 5; condition.signalAll(); } } finally { lock.unlock(); } } } } // 方法6:ReentrantLock+Condition class FizzBuzz { private int n; private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(); private final Condition condition = lock.newCondition(); private int i = 1; public FizzBuzz(int n) { this.n = n; } // printFizz.run() outputs "fizz". public void fizz(Runnable printFizz) throws InterruptedException { while (true) { try { lock.lock(); if (i > n) { return; } while (i % 3 != 0) { condition.signalAll(); condition.await(); if (i > n) { return; } } printFizz.run(); i++; } finally { condition.signalAll(); lock.unlock(); } } } // printBuzz.run() outputs "buzz". public void buzz(Runnable printBuzz) throws InterruptedException { while (true) { try { lock.lock(); if (i > n) { return; } while (i % 5 != 0) { condition.signalAll(); condition.await(); if (i > n) { return; } } printBuzz.run(); i++; } finally { condition.signalAll(); lock.unlock(); } } } // printFizzBuzz.run() outputs "fizzbuzz". public void fizzbuzz(Runnable printFizzBuzz) throws InterruptedException { while (true) { try { lock.lock(); if (i > n) { return; } while (!(i % 3 == 0 && i % 5 == 0)) { condition.signalAll(); condition.await(); if (i > n) { return; } } printFizzBuzz.run(); i++; } finally { condition.signalAll(); lock.unlock(); } } } // printNumber.accept(x) outputs "x", where x is an integer. public void number(IntConsumer printNumber) throws InterruptedException { while (true) { try { lock.lock(); if (i > n) { return; } while (i % 3 == 0 || i % 5 == 0) { condition.signalAll(); condition.await(); if (i > n) { return; } } printNumber.accept(i); i++; } finally { condition.signalAll(); lock.unlock(); } } } }
