前言
Eureka 是 Netflix 公司开发的一款开源的服务注册与发现组件。
Spring Cloud 使用 Spring Boot 思想为 Eureka 增加了自动化配置,开发人员只需要引入相关依赖和注解,就能将 Spring Boot 构建的微服务轻松地与 Eureka 进行整合。
1、Eureka 两大组件
Eureka 采用 CS(Client/Server,客户端/服务器) 架构,它包括以下两大组件:Eureka Server、Eureka Client
组件 | 介绍 |
Eureka Server | Eureka 服务注册中心,主要用于提供服务注册功能 |
Eureka Client | Eureka 客户端,通常指的是微服务系统中各个微服务 |
2、Eureka 服务注册与发现
功能 | 介绍 |
服务注册中心(Register Service) | 它是一个 Eureka Server,用于提供服务注册和发现功能。 |
服务提供者(Provider Service) | 它是一个 Eureka Client,用于提供服务。它将自己提供的服务注册到服务注册中心,以供服务消费者发现。 |
服务消费者(Consumer Service) | 它是一个 Eureka Client,用于消费服务。它可以从服务注册中心获取服务列表,调用所需的服务。 |
3、案例
3.1、创建主工程
名称:SpringCloud
3.1.1、主工程pom.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <packaging>pom</packaging> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.6.13</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.hqyj</groupId> <artifactId>drp</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>drp-parent</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <junit.version>4.12</junit.version> <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version> <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version> </properties> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>2021.0.5</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.5.1</version> <configuration> <source>${maven.compiler.source}</source> <target>${maven.compiler.target}</target> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
3.2、创建子公共模块common-api
3.2.1、添加module
3.2.2、pom.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>com.hqyj</groupId> <artifactId>SpringCloud</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <artifactId>common-api</artifactId> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
3.2.3、maven非springboot项目,增加main入口
添加Main.java,指定main入口,防止Maven package / install打包失败
public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("common-api"); } }
3.3、创建Eureka注册中心模块eureka-server
3.3.1、配置pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>com.hqyj</groupId> <artifactId>SpringCloud</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <skip-tests>true</skip-tests> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.enesusta</groupId> <artifactId>spring-devtools</artifactId> <version>1.0.1</version> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
3.3.2、配置application.yml
在resource目录下,新建application.yml文件
编辑application.yml文件,添加eureka配置
server: port: 7001 eureka: instance: hostname: localhost #eureka服务端的实例名称, client: register-with-eureka: false #false表示不向注册中心注册自己。 fetch-registry: false #false表示自己端就是注册中心,我的职责就是维护服务实例,并不需要去检索服务 service-url: defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/ #单机版服务注册中心
3.3.3、启动eureka-server
创建EurekaServerApplication.java启动文件
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer; @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaServer public class EurekaServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class,args); } }
3.3.3.1、编译eureka-server
3.3.3.2、运行EurekaServerApplication.java文件
3.4、创建用户服务模块user-service
3.4.1、配置pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>com.hqyj</groupId> <artifactId>SpringCloud</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <artifactId>user-service</artifactId> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!--devtools 开发工具--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!--Spring Boot 测试--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!--junit 测试--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <!-- 修改后立即生效,热部署 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId> <version>1.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.hqyj</groupId> <artifactId>common-api</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
3.4.2、配置application.yml
server: port: 8001 spring: application: name: user-service #微服务名称 eureka: client: #将客户端注册到 eureka 服务列表内 service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka #这个地址是 7001注册中心在 application.yml 中暴露出来额注册地址 (单机版)
3.4.3、启动user-service
创建UserApplication.java启动文件
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient; @SpringBootApplication @EnableDiscoveryClient public class UserApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(UserApplication.class,args); } }
3.4.3.1、编译user-service
3.4.3.2、运行UserApplication.java文件
3.4.3.3、测试
http://localhost:8001/user/userInfoList
3.5、查看编译后的包