1 水平布局

1.1 按钮布局

拖动几个按钮：
选中这几个按钮，右键-布局-水平布局：
可以看到按钮间隔等宽水平排列：
也可从点击窗体-预览，查看布局后的效果如下：

1.2 位置移动
点击视图-对象查看器，勾选打开对象查看器；
点击如图所示的，就会选中所有的按钮，可以进行拖动按钮的位置：
按钮的宽度和高度随着布局的变化而变化，但仍然保持等宽等距。
1.3 先布局再放按钮
拖动水平布局到窗体：
可以自行拖动布局的大小和位置，然后给布局中拖入按钮：

1.4 保存文件并调用
保存为HorLay.ui文件，并转为py文件：
HorLay.py代码如下：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'HorLay.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.4
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.


from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(794, 584)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(120, 270, 410, 151))
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget.setObjectName("horizontalLayoutWidget")
        self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.horizontalLayoutWidget)
        self.horizontalLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.horizontalLayoutWidget)
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton)
        self.pushButton_3 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.horizontalLayoutWidget)
        self.pushButton_3.setObjectName("pushButton_3")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_3)
        self.pushButton_2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.horizontalLayoutWidget)
        self.pushButton_2.setObjectName("pushButton_2")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_2)
        self.radioButton = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.horizontalLayoutWidget)
        self.radioButton.setObjectName("radioButton")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.radioButton)
        self.widget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.widget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 130, 293, 30))
        self.widget.setObjectName("widget")
        self.horizontalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.widget)
        self.horizontalLayout_2.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.horizontalLayout_2.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_2")
        self.pushButton_4 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.widget)
        self.pushButton_4.setObjectName("pushButton_4")
        self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.pushButton_4)
        self.pushButton_5 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.widget)
        self.pushButton_5.setObjectName("pushButton_5")
        self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.pushButton_5)
        self.pushButton_6 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.widget)
        self.pushButton_6.setObjectName("pushButton_6")
        self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.pushButton_6)
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 794, 26))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))
        self.pushButton_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))
        self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))
        self.radioButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "RadioButton"))
        self.pushButton_4.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton1"))
        self.pushButton_5.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton2"))
        self.pushButton_6.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton3"))

创建main.py并调用：

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# 作者：虫无涯
# 日期：2023/8/28
# 文件名称：main.py
# 作用：主程序入口
# 联系：VX(NoamaNelson)
# 博客：https://blog.csdn.net/NoamaNelson

import sys
from test_case.HorLay import Ui_MainWindow
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget, QMainWindow


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(window)
    window.resize(600, 600)
    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

运行main.py效果如下：
2 垂直布局

2.1 按钮布局
选几个按钮：
选中所有按钮，邮件-布局-垂直布局：
2.2 保存并调用
保存为VerLay.ui，转为VerLay.py：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'VerLay.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.4
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.


from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(800, 600)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.widget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.widget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(320, 90, 113, 159))
        self.widget.setObjectName("widget")
        self.verticalLayout_3 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.widget)
        self.verticalLayout_3.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.verticalLayout_3.setObjectName("verticalLayout_3")
        self.verticalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
        self.verticalLayout_2.setObjectName("verticalLayout_2")
        self.pushButton_5 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.widget)
        self.pushButton_5.setObjectName("pushButton_5")
        self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.pushButton_5)
        self.pushButton_6 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.widget)
        self.pushButton_6.setObjectName("pushButton_6")
        self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.pushButton_6)
        self.pushButton_7 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.widget)
        self.pushButton_7.setObjectName("pushButton_7")
        self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.pushButton_7)
        self.pushButton_8 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.widget)
        self.pushButton_8.setObjectName("pushButton_8")
        self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.pushButton_8)
        self.verticalLayout_3.addLayout(self.verticalLayout_2)
        self.radioButton = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.widget)
        self.radioButton.setObjectName("radioButton")
        self.verticalLayout_3.addWidget(self.radioButton)
        self.widget1 = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.widget1.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(150, 90, 97, 159))
        self.widget1.setObjectName("widget1")
        self.verticalLayout_4 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.widget1)
        self.verticalLayout_4.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.verticalLayout_4.setObjectName("verticalLayout_4")
        self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
        self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.widget1)
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton)
        self.pushButton_2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.widget1)
        self.pushButton_2.setObjectName("pushButton_2")
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_2)
        self.pushButton_3 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.widget1)
        self.pushButton_3.setObjectName("pushButton_3")
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_3)
        self.pushButton_4 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.widget1)
        self.pushButton_4.setObjectName("pushButton_4")
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_4)
        self.verticalLayout_4.addLayout(self.verticalLayout)
        self.checkBox = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(self.widget1)
        self.checkBox.setObjectName("checkBox")
        self.verticalLayout_4.addWidget(self.checkBox)
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 800, 22))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.pushButton_5.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))
        self.pushButton_6.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))
        self.pushButton_7.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))
        self.pushButton_8.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))
        self.radioButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "RadioButton"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))
        self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))
        self.pushButton_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))
        self.pushButton_4.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))
        self.checkBox.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "CheckBox"))

创建main.py并调用：

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# 作者：虫无涯
# 日期：2023/8/28
# 文件名称：main.py
# 作用：主程序入口
# 联系：VX(NoamaNelson)
# 博客：https://blog.csdn.net/NoamaNelson

import sys
from test_case.VerLay import Ui_MainWindow
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget, QMainWindow


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(window)
    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

效果如下：

『PyQt5-Qt Designer篇』｜ 06 Qt Designer中水平布局和垂直布局的使用

1 水平布局

1.1 按钮布局

1.2 位置移动

1.3 先布局再放按钮

1.4 保存文件并调用

2 垂直布局

2.1 按钮布局

2.2 保存并调用

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