下载数据库的驱动接口的包
1、加载驱动
Class.forName(driverClassName);
1)Mysql
driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=gbk
2)SQL Server
driverClassName=com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLSeverDriver
url=jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=数据库名
3)Oracle
driverClassName=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:数据库名
4)access
driverClassName=sun.jdbc.odbc.jdbcodbcDriver
url=jdbc:odbc:driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)};DBQ=mdb\\students.mdb
2、建立与数据库的连接，创建连接对象Connection
DriverManager.getConnection(参数列表)
1)Mysql:
参数列表："jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名","用户名","密码"
2)SQL Server:
参数列表："jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=数据库名","用户名","密码"
3)Oracle:
参数列表："jdbc:oracle:thin:@host:端口号:数据库名","用户名","密码"
3、创建Statement对象
4、执行SQL语句，获得结果，可获得结果集ResultSet
例如：选用MySQL作为数据源，操作学生数据库中的学生表
id name sex class date
1 李平 女 一班 2017/9/20
注意：数据库的编码建议和项目编码一致
1）实现连接并查询学生表数据
String driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/Student?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=gbk";
String userName="root";
String pwd="root";
Class.forName(driverClassName);
Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url,userName,pwd);
Statement stmt=conn.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE,ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE);
String sql="select * from stu";
ResultSet rs=stmt.executeQuery(sql);
while(rs.next()){
System.out.println("姓名："+rs.getString(2));
}
rs.close();stmt.close();conn.close();
2）实现连接并追加学生表数据
String driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/Student?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=gbk";
String userName="root";
String pwd="root";
Class.forName(driverClassName);
Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url,userName,pwd);
Statement stmt=conn.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE,ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE);
String sql="insert into stu (id,name,sex,class,date) values(15,'李四','男','101','1998-3-4')";
int flag=stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
System.out.println(flag);
stmt.close();conn.close();
或者使用PreparedStatement(其他操作类似，都可使用PreparedStatement)
String driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/Student?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=gbk";
String userName="root";
String pwd="root";
Class.forName(driverClassName);
Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url,userName,pwd);
String sql="insert into stu (id,name,sex,class,date) values(?,?,?,?,?)";
PreparedStatement pstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setInt(1,16);
pstmt.setString(2,"张三");
pstmt.setString(3,"女");
pstmt.setString(4,"102");
pstmt.setDate(5,new Date(100,11,11));
int flag=pstmt.executeUpdate();
System.out.println(flag);
pstmt.close();conn.close();
3)修改学生表中的数据
String driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/Student?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=gbk";
String userName="root";
String pwd="root";
Class.forName(driverClassName);
Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url,userName,pwd);
Statement stmt=conn.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE,ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE);
String sql="update stu set date='1999-2-1' where name='张三'";
int flag=stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
System.out.println(flag);
stmt.close();conn.close();
4)删除学生表中的数据
String driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/Student?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=gbk";
String userName="root";
String pwd="root";
Class.forName(driverClassName);
Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url,userName,pwd);
Statement stmt=conn.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE,ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE);
String sql="delete from stu where name like '%李%'";
int flag=stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
System.out.println(flag);
stmt.close();conn.close();
