eureka服务注册中心
<!--eureka-server服务端 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId> </dependency>
server: port: 7001 eureka: instance: hostname: localhost #eureka服务端的实例名称 client: register-with-eureka: false #false表示不向注册中心注册自己。 fetch-registry: false #false表示自己端就是注册中心，我的职责就是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务 service-url: defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/ #设置与Eureka Server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址（单机）。
@EnableEurekaServer
http://localhost:7001/
eureka集群
修改C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc 下的hosts文件，添加
127.0.0.1 eureka7001.com 127.0.0.1 eureka7002.com 127.0.0.1 eureka7003.com
7001向7002和7003eureka注册
server: port: 7001 eureka: instance: hostname: eureka7001.com #eureka服务端的实例名称 client: register-with-eureka: false #false表示不向注册中心注册自己。 fetch-registry: false #false表示自己端就是注册中心，我的职责就是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务 service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/
7002向7001和7003eureka注册
server: port: 7002 eureka: instance: hostname: eureka7002.com #eureka服务端的实例名称 client: register-with-eureka: false #false表示不向注册中心注册自己。 fetch-registry: false #false表示自己端就是注册中心，我的职责就是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务 service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/
7003eureka向7001和7002eureka注册
server: port: 7003 eureka: instance: hostname: eureka7003.com #eureka服务端的实例名称 client: register-with-eureka: false #false表示不向注册中心注册自己。 fetch-registry: false #false表示自己端就是注册中心，我的职责就是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务 service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/
EurekaClient向eurekaServer注册
eureka: client: service-url: #defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka #单机版 defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/, #集群
向服务中心注册微服务
<!-- 将微服务provider侧注册进eureka --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency>
@EnableEurekaClient
server: port: 8001 spring: application: name: SpringCloudDemo-dept eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
Ribbon(客户端（消费者）的负载均衡)
Ribbon+restTemplate
使用Ribbon
Ribbon和Eureka整合后可以直接调用服务而不用再关心地址和端口号
提供者要对完暴露统一的名称，下面属性不能改
spring: application: name: SpringCloudDemo-dept
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId> </dependency>
eureka: client: register-with-eureka: false service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka/ server: port: 80
@LoadBalanced
@Bean @LoadBalanced//重点，重点，重点 public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() { return new RestTemplate(); }
在客户端启动类上添加
@EnableEurekaClient
修改controller
//private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001"; private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://SPRINGCLOUDDEMO-DEPT";
负载均衡（默认轮询算法）
使用系统定义的某个算法
@Bean public IRule myRule() { //return new RoundRobinRule(); //return new RandomRule();//达到的目的，用我们重新选择的随机算法替代默认的轮询。 return new RetryRule(); }
使用自定义负载均衡算法
在客户端加
//在启动该微服务的时候就能去加载我们的自定义Ribbon配置类，从而使配置生效 //name属性为哪一个微服务名称 //configuration属性为自定义负载均衡算法 @RibbonClient(name="MICROSERVICECLOUD-DEPT",configuration=MySelfRule.class)
在启动类扫描不到的目录下 创建自定义算法
xxx
Feign((客户端)负载均衡，接口风格)
客户端要添加
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency>
appliaction.yml
spring: application: name: consumer-dept-80 eureka: client: register-with-eureka: false service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/ server: port: 80
value表示调用哪个微服务
@Component @FeignClient(value = "MICROSERVICECLOUD-DEPT") public interface DeptClientService { @RequestMapping(value = "/dept/get/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET) public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") long id); @RequestMapping(value = "/dept/list", method = RequestMethod.GET) public List<Dept> list(); @RequestMapping(value = "/dept/add", method = RequestMethod.POST) public boolean add(Dept dept);
修改客户端工程
@RestController public class DeptController_Consumer { @Autowired private DeptClientService service; @RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/get/{id}") public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { return this.service.get(id); } }
在客户端启动类上添加
@EnableEurekaClient @EnableFeignClients(basePackages= {"com.imooc.springcloud"})
Hystrix(断路器，当服务拥堵或者异常时候返回一个合理的值)
整合feign
在客户端添加
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency>
在api项目中创建一个实现FallbackFactory接口的实现类，实现Fallback
@Component //不要忘记添加//不要忘记添加//不要忘记添加//不要忘记添加//不要忘记添加 public class DeptClientServiceFallbackFactory implements FallbackFactory<DeptClientService> { @Override public DeptClientService create(Throwable throwable) { return new DeptClientService() { @Override public Dept get(long id) { return new Dept().setDeptno(id).setDname("该ID：" + id + "没有没有对应的信息,Consumer客户端提供的降级信息,此刻服务Provider已经关闭") .setDb_source("no this database in MySQL"); } @Override public List<Dept> list() { return null; } @Override public boolean add(Dept dept) { return false; } }; } }
在service接口上添加
@FeignClient(value = "MICROSERVICECLOUD-DEPT",fallbackFactory=DeptClientServiceFallbackFactory.class)
在客户端添加
feign: hystrix: enabled: true
在提供端添加
@EnableCircuitBreaker @EnableFeignClients(basePackages= {"com.example"})
hystrixdashboard (×××错误)
<!-- hystrix和 hystrix-dashboard相关 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId> </dependency>
@EnableHystrixDashboard
server: port: 9001
// //Howard 2019-02-21 add for HystrixDashboard @Bean public ServletRegistrationBean getServlet(){ HystrixMetricsStreamServlet streamServlet = new HystrixMetricsStreamServlet(); ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(streamServlet); registrationBean.setLoadOnStartup(1); registrationBean.addUrlMappings("/hystrix.stream"); registrationBean.setName("HystrixMetricsStreamServlet"); return registrationBean; }
要监控的服务添加
<!-- actuator监控信息完善 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency>
http://localhost:9001/hystrix
Zuul(路由网关，可以理解为在服务前加了一个门卫)
功能：代理+路由+过滤
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId> </dependency>
@EnableZuulProxy
其中：
zuul.igored-services 表示不允许用服务名称访问
prefix:前缀
zuul.rotes.xxx.serivceId和zuul.rotes.xxx.path是一对
所有的请求都走zuul，即（ip:端口/前缀/(zuul.rotes.xxx.path)/controller中的请求地址）
http://localhost:9527/atguigu/mydept/get/1
server: port: 9527 spring: application: name: zuul-9587 eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka instance: instance-id: gateway-9527.com prefer-ip-address: true zuul: #ignored-services: microservicecloud-dept prefix: /atguigu ignored-services: "*" routes: mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept mydept.path: /mydept/** info: app.name: atguigu-microcloud company.name: www.atguigu.com
Config
小案例：
用一个eurekaserver从github上读数据（eureka的配置文件），然后eurek-client端（也就是eureka）从configServer端读取配置文件并且加载
前提：
你必须可以用写程序的电脑对github仓库进行读写，否则出现认证错误
ConfigServer
在github有一个名称为microservicecloud-config的仓库，里面有一个文件config-eureka.yml,区别在于端口
spring: profiles: active: -dev --- server: port: 7001 spring: profiles: dev application: name: microservicecloud-config-eureka-client eureka: instance: hostname: localhost #eureka服务端的实例名称 client: register-with-eureka: false #false表示不向注册中心注册自己。 fetch-registry: false #false表示自己端就是注册中心，我的职责就是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务 service-url: defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/ --- server: port: 8001 spring: profiles: test application: name: microservicecloud-config-eureka-client eureka: instance: hostname: localhost #eureka服务端的实例名称 client: register-with-eureka: false #false表示不向注册中心注册自己。 fetch-registry: false #false表示自己端就是注册中心，我的职责就是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务 service-url: defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
pom
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId> </dependency>
yml
server: port: 3344 spring: application: name: config-server-3344 cloud: config: server: git: uri: git@github.com:cbeann/microservicecloud-config.git #GitHub上面的git仓库名字 username: bean password: 17863961702
@EnableConfigServer
config-eureka为github仓库中文件名称 -dev -test为后缀
http://localhost:3344/config-eureka-test.yml
http://localhost:3344/config-eureka-dev.yml
ConfigClient
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId> </dependency>
bootstrap.yml
spring: cloud: config: name: config-eureka #需要从github上读取的资源名称，注意没有yml后缀名 profile: dev #本次访问的配置项 label: master uri: http://localhost:3344 #本微服务启动后先去找3344号服务，通过SpringCloudConfig获取GitHub的服务地址
application.yml
spring: application: name: config-eureka
Spring Cloud Sleuth（服务链路追踪）
功能：查看服务直接的调用关系
1）启动Zipkin Server
下载Zipkin Server
https://dl.bintray.com/openzipkin/maven/io/zipkin/java/zipkin-server/
java -jar zipkin-server-2.11.6-exec.jar
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/11vyNQ9k551foEjeRaBY2Zg
提取码：k9ba
localhost:9411
2） 新建项目A
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId> </dependency>
spring: zipkin: base-url: http://localhost:9411 application: name: zipkin-service-a server: port: 8988
3）新建项目B
依赖和A一样
yml中端口和名称需要修改
B中有一个restTemplate可以调用A中的方法
4）结果
先请求一下B项目，使其调用A
然后点击下图中的A就可以出现下图的B
小细节（for eureka client）
eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka instance: instance-id: SpringCloudDemo-provider-dept-8001 #.小细节：Status别名 prefer-ip-address: true #.小细节：访问路径可以显示IP地址
<!-- actuator监控信息完善 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency>
点击上图A后进入的界面信息
info: app.name: ABC-SpringCloudDemo company.name: CDEF
学习感悟
1）学习SpringCloud你要用对工具，正常的方式是通过 打对勾的方式添加组件
2）添加的依赖可能不同，但是效果可能一样，这一点我没有弄清楚，比如下面两个依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId> </dependency>
<!--eureka-server服务端 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId> </dependency>
3）动手实践，加上自己的想法
