一、检查本地系统版本
[root@node ~]# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="CentOS Linux"
VERSION="7 (Core)"
ID="centos"
ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
VERSION_ID="7"
PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 7 (Core)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:7"
HOME_URL="https://www.centos.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"
CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-7"
CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="7"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="centos"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="7"
二、find命令的帮助
[root@node ~]# find --help
Usage: find [-H] [-L] [-P] [-Olevel] [-D help|tree|search|stat|rates|opt|exec] [path...] [expression]
default path is the current directory; default expression is -print
expression may consist of: operators, options, tests, and actions:
operators (decreasing precedence; -and is implicit where no others are given):
( EXPR ) ! EXPR -not EXPR EXPR1 -a EXPR2 EXPR1 -and EXPR2
EXPR1 -o EXPR2 EXPR1 -or EXPR2 EXPR1 , EXPR2
positional options (always true): -daystart -follow -regextype
normal options (always true, specified before other expressions):
-depth --help -maxdepth LEVELS -mindepth LEVELS -mount -noleaf
--version -xautofs -xdev -ignore_readdir_race -noignore_readdir_race
tests (N can be +N or -N or N): -amin N -anewer FILE -atime N -cmin N
-cnewer FILE -ctime N -empty -false -fstype TYPE -gid N -group NAME
-ilname PATTERN -iname PATTERN -inum N -iwholename PATTERN -iregex PATTERN
-links N -lname PATTERN -mmin N -mtime N -name PATTERN -newer FILE
-nouser -nogroup -path PATTERN -perm [-/]MODE -regex PATTERN
-readable -writable -executable
-wholename PATTERN -size N[bcwkMG] -true -type [bcdpflsD] -uid N
-used N -user NAME -xtype [bcdpfls]
-context CONTEXT
actions: -delete -print0 -printf FORMAT -fprintf FILE FORMAT -print
-fprint0 FILE -fprint FILE -ls -fls FILE -prune -quit
-exec COMMAND ; -exec COMMAND {} + -ok COMMAND ;
-execdir COMMAND ; -execdir COMMAND {} + -okdir COMMAND ;
Report (and track progress on fixing) bugs via the findutils bug-reporting
page at http://savannah.gnu.org/ or, if you have no web access, by sending
email to <bug-findutils@gnu.org>.
三、find的基本使用
1.按文件名查找
[root@node ~]# find /etc/ -name "*.conf" |head
/etc/resolv.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/31-cantarell.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/66-sil-nuosu.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/59-liberation-sans.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-nhn-nanum-gothic.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/20-unhint-small-dejavu-sans.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/57-dejavu-sans.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-ttf-arphic-uming.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/10-hinting-slight.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/59-liberation-serif.conf
2.将当前目录及其子目录中的所有文件列出
[root@node ~]# find /home/ -type f
/home/admin/.bash_logout
/home/admin/.bash_profile
/home/admin/.bashrc
/home/huawei/.bash_logout
/home/huawei/.bash_profile
/home/huawei/.bashrc
/home/lisi/.bash_logout
/home/lisi/.bash_profile
/home/lisi/.bashrc
/home/lisi/.cache/abrt/lastnotification
/home/lisi/github/lisi/README.md
/home/lisi/github/lisi/file1
/home/lisi/github/lisi/file2
/home/lisi/github/lisi/aa.txt
/home/lisi/github/lisi/docker.yaml
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/refs/heads/main
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/description
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/hooks/applypatch-msg.sample
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/hooks/commit-msg.sample
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/hooks/post-update.sample
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/hooks/pre-applypatch.sample
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/hooks/pre-commit.sample
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/hooks/pre-push.sample
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/hooks/pre-rebase.sample
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/hooks/prepare-commit-msg.sample
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/hooks/update.sample
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/info/exclude
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/HEAD
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/config
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/objects/83/c831f0b085c70509b1fbb0a0131a9a32e691ac
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/objects/e6/9de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/objects/b2/cee5da3e56febea01ccf3b2c27901d83fb4a43
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/objects/94/d3ea2377148473fbf58b33afa7b0a06e010c22
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/index
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/logs/refs/heads/main
/home/lisi/github/lisi/.git/logs/HEAD
/home/lisi/.gitconfig
/home/lisi/.ssh/id_rsa
/home/lisi/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
/home/lisi/.bash_history
/home/test01/file1
/home/test02/file1
3.根据iname查询
[root@node ~]# find /etc -iname *.Conf |head
/etc/resolv.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/31-cantarell.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/66-sil-nuosu.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/59-liberation-sans.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-nhn-nanum-gothic.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/20-unhint-small-dejavu-sans.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/57-dejavu-sans.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-ttf-arphic-uming.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/10-hinting-slight.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/59-liberation-serif.conf
4.查找文件中大小为0的文件
[root@node ~]# find /home -type f -size 0 -exec ls -l {} \;
-rw-rw-r-- 1 lisi lisi 0 Nov 11 15:15 /home/lisi/github/lisi/file1
-rw-rw-r-- 1 lisi lisi 0 Nov 11 15:15 /home/lisi/github/lisi/file2
-rw-rw-r-- 1 lisi lisi 0 Nov 11 15:15 /home/lisi/github/lisi/aa.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 lisi lisi 0 Nov 11 15:15 /home/lisi/github/lisi/docker.yaml
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 12 23:02 /home/test01/file1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 12 23:02 /home/test02/file1
5.按文件修改时间查找文件
---(+n)----------|----------(n)----------|----------(-n)---
(n+1)*24H前| (n+1)*24H~n*24H间 |n*24H内
-ctime -n -- 查找距现在 n*24H 内修改过的文件
-ctime n -- 查找距现在 n*24H 前, (n+1)*24H 内修改过的文件
-ctime +n -- 查找距现在 (n+1)*24H 前修改过的文件
find /data -ctime 30
5.根据uid查找文件
[root@node ~]# find /home -uid 1000
/home/admin
/home/admin/.mozilla
/home/admin/.mozilla/extensions
/home/admin/.mozilla/plugins
/home/admin/.bash_logout
/home/admin/.bash_profile
/home/admin/.bashrc
四、find的基本选项
-mount, -xdev : 只检查和指定目录在同一个文件系统下的文件，避免列出其它文件系统中的文件
-amin n : 在过去 n 分钟内被读取过
-anewer file : 比文件 file 更晚被读取过的文件
-atime n : 在过去 n 天内被读取过的文件
-cmin n : 在过去 n 分钟内被修改过
-cnewer file :比文件 file 更新的文件
-ctime n : 在过去 n 天内创建的文件
-mtime n : 在过去 n 天内修改过的文件
-empty : 空的文件-gid n or -group name : gid 是 n 或是 group 名称是 name
-ipath p, -path p : 路径名称符合 p 的文件，ipath 会忽略大小写
-name name, -iname name : 文件名称符合 name 的文件。iname 会忽略大小写
-size n : 文件大小 是 n 单位，b 代表 512 位元组的区块，c 表示字元数，k 表示 kilo bytes，w 是二个位元组。
-type c : 文件类型是 c 的文件。
d: 目录
c: 字型装置文件
b: 区块装置文件
p: 具名贮列
f: 一般文件
l: 符号连结
