class_create函数源码分析
宏class_create()用于动态创建设备的逻辑类，并完成部分字段的初始化，然后将其添加进Linux内核系统中。此函数的执行效果就是在/sys/class/目录下创建一个新的文件夹，此文件夹的名字为此函数的第二个输入参数，但此文件夹是空的。宏class_create()在实现时，调用了函数__class_create()。
/** * class_create - create a struct class structure * @owner: pointer to the module that is to "own" this struct class * @name: pointer to a string for the name of this class. * * This is used to create a struct class pointer that can then be used * in calls to device_create(). * * Returns &struct class pointer on success, or ERR_PTR() on error. * * Note, the pointer created here is to be destroyed when finished by * making a call to class_destroy(). */ #define class_create(owner, name) \ ({ \ static struct lock_class_key __key; \ __class_create(owner, name, &__key); \ })
owner：一个struct module结构体类型的指针，指向函数__class_create()即将创建的、“拥有”这个struct class的模块。一般赋值为THIS_MODULE，此结构体的详细定义见文件include/linux/module.h。
name：char类型的指针，代表即将创建的struct class变量的名字，用于给struct class的name字段赋值。通俗地说，就是指向struct class名称的字符串的指针。
__class_create（）具体实现如下：
/** * __class_create - create a struct class structure * @owner: pointer to the module that is to "own" this struct class * @name: pointer to a string for the name of this class. * @key: the lock_class_key for this class; used by mutex lock debugging * * This is used to create a struct class pointer that can then be used * in calls to device_create(). * * Returns &struct class pointer on success, or ERR_PTR() on error. * * Note, the pointer created here is to be destroyed when finished by * making a call to class_destroy(). */ struct class *__class_create(struct module *owner, const char *name, struct lock_class_key *key) { struct class *cls; int retval; cls = kzalloc(sizeof(*cls), GFP_KERNEL); if (!cls) { retval = -ENOMEM; goto error; } cls->name = name; cls->owner = owner; cls->class_release = class_create_release; retval = __class_register(cls, key); if (retval) goto error; return cls; error: kfree(cls); return ERR_PTR(retval); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__class_create);
分析源码可知__class_create（）调用了__class_register()函数，它的具体实现如下：
int __class_register(struct class *cls, struct lock_class_key *key) { struct subsys_private *cp; int error; pr_debug("device class '%s': registering\n", cls->name); cp = kzalloc(sizeof(*cp), GFP_KERNEL); if (!cp) return -ENOMEM; klist_init(&cp->klist_devices, klist_class_dev_get, klist_class_dev_put); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cp->interfaces); kset_init(&cp->glue_dirs); __mutex_init(&cp->mutex, "subsys mutex", key); error = kobject_set_name(&cp->subsys.kobj, "%s", cls->name); if (error) { kfree(cp); return error; } /* set the default /sys/dev directory for devices of this class */ if (!cls->dev_kobj) cls->dev_kobj = sysfs_dev_char_kobj; #if defined(CONFIG_BLOCK) /* let the block class directory show up in the root of sysfs */ if (!sysfs_deprecated || cls != &block_class) cp->subsys.kobj.kset = class_kset; #else cp->subsys.kobj.kset = class_kset; #endif cp->subsys.kobj.ktype = &class_ktype; cp->class = cls; cls->p = cp; error = kset_register(&cp->subsys); if (error) { kfree(cp); return error; } error = class_add_groups(class_get(cls), cls->class_groups); class_put(cls); return error; } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__class_register);
注意：
1、class_create宏需要与函数class_destroy()配对使用，不能单独使用。当单独使用时，第一次不会出现错误，但当第二次插入模块时就会出现错误。
2、class_create创建一个逻辑类后，还需在这个类下面创建设备，不然的话这个类没什么用。
