习题46
宏#define命令练习。
实现思路:
宏通过#define
命令定义,分为无参宏和带参宏,可以分别进行测试。这只是一种简单的字符串代换。
代码如下:
#include <stdio.h> #define TRUE 1 #define FALSE 0 #define SQR(x) (x)*(x) int main(){ int num, next = TRUE; while(next){ printf("Please input a number:\n"); scanf("%d", &num); printf("Square = %d\n", SQR(num)); if(num > 10){ next = FALSE; } } return 0; }
打印:
Please input a number: 1 Square = 1 Please input a number: 5 Square = 25 Please input a number: 9 Square = 81 Please input a number: 13 Square = 169
习题47
宏#define命令练习,替换一个代码块。
实现思路:
实现在代码中使用宏就像调用函数一样(当然,实际上并不是调用函数)。
代码如下:
#include<stdio.h> #define EXCHANGE(a,b) { int t;t=a;a=b;b=t;} int main() { int x = 12; int y = 20; printf("Before Exchange:x=%d; y=%d\n",x,y); EXCHANGE(x,y); printf("After Exchange:x=%d; y=%d\n",x,y); return 0; }
打印:
Before Exchange:x=12; y=20 After Exchange:x=20; y=12
习题48
宏#define命令练习,替换运算符号。
实现思路:
在进行比较运算的时候用定义的宏替换掉原来的符号。
代码如下:
#include <stdio.h> #define GT > #define LT < #define EQ == int main() { int i, j; printf("Please input two numbers:\n"); scanf("%d %d", &i, &j); if(i GT j) printf("%d is greater than %d \n", i, j); else if(i EQ j) printf("%d is equal to %d \n", i, j); else if(i LT j) printf("%d is smaller than %d \n", i, j); else printf("Error\n"); return 0; }
打印:
Please input two numbers: 13 45 13 is smaller than 45 • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4
习题49
#if、#ifdef和#ifndef的综合应用。
实现思路:
预处理程序提供了条件编译的功能,可以按不同的条件去编译不同的程序部分,因而产生不同的目标代码文件。
代码如下:
#include<stdio.h> #define MAX #define MAXIMUM(x,y) (x>y)?x:y #define MINIMUM(x,y) (x>y)?y:x int main(){ int a=12, b=20; #ifdef MAX printf("%d is bigger\n", MAXIMUM(a,b)); #else printf("%d is smaller\n", MINIMUM(a,b)); #endif #ifndef MIN printf("%d is smaller\n", MINIMUM(a,b)); #else printf("%d is bigger\n", MAXIMUM(a,b)); #endif #undef MAX #ifdef MAX printf("%d is bigger\n", MAXIMUM(a,b)); #else printf("%d is smaller\n", MINIMUM(a,b)); #endif #define MIN 1 #ifndef MIN printf("%d is smaller\n", MINIMUM(a,b)); #else printf("%d is bigger\n", MAXIMUM(a,b)); #endif #if(MIN) printf("%d is smaller\n", MINIMUM(a,b)); #else printf("%d is bigger\n", MAXIMUM(a,b)); #endif return 0; }
打印:
20 is bigger 12 is smaller 12 is smaller 20 is bigger 20 is bigger • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6
习题50
#include的应用练习。
实现思路:
文件包含使用尖括号表示在包含文件目录中去查找(包含目录是由用户在配置环境时设置的),而不在源文件目录去查找;
使用双引号则表示首先在当前的源文件目录中查找,若未找到才到包含目录中去查找。
创建cp.h如下:
#define GT > #define LT < #define EQ ==
代码如下:
#include <stdio.h> #include "cp.h" int main() { int i, j; printf("Please input two numbers:\n"); scanf("%d %d", &i, &j); if(i GT j) printf("%d is greater than %d \n", i, j); else if(i EQ j) printf("%d is equal to %d \n", i, j); else if(i LT j) printf("%d is smaller than %d \n", i, j); else printf("Error\n"); return 0; }
打印:
Please input two numbers: 12 20 12 is smaller than 20